The useful by-products, obtained in the solvay process of manufacturing sodium carbonate, are

Options

A. Quick lime and `CO_(2)`
B. `NaHCO_(3)` and `NH_(4)Cl`
C. `NH_(4)Cl` solution and quick lime
D. `NaHCO_(3)` and `CO_(2)`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the useful by-products obtained in the Solvay process of manufacturing sodium carbonate, we can break it down into the following steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Solvay Process
The Solvay process is an industrial method for producing sodium carbonate (soda ash) from sodium chloride (common salt) and limestone (calcium carbonate). It involves several chemical reactions, primarily using ammonia and carbon dioxide.

**Hint:** Familiarize yourself with the overall chemical reactions involved in the Solvay process.

### Step 2: Identify the Main Reactants
The main reactants in the Solvay process are:
- Sodium chloride (NaCl)
- Ammonia (NH₃)
- Water (H₂O)
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

**Hint:** Recognize the role of each reactant in the process.

### Step 3: Identify the By-Products
During the Solvay process, the following useful by-products are generated:
1. **Ammonium bicarbonate (NH₄HCO₃)**: Formed from the reaction of ammonia with carbon dioxide and water.
2. **Water (H₂O)**: Produced as a by-product in various steps of the process.

**Hint:** Consider the reactions that occur during the process and what additional substances are formed.

### Step 4: Summarize the By-Products
The useful by-products obtained in the Solvay process are:
- **Ammonium bicarbonate (NH₄HCO₃)**
- **Water (H₂O)**

**Hint:** List the by-products clearly to ensure clarity in your answer.

### Final Answer
The useful by-products obtained in the Solvay process of manufacturing sodium carbonate are ammonium bicarbonate and water.