If an earthworm releases cocoons from posterior end instead of anterior end then:-

Options

A. Digestion will be affected
B. Only one zygote will be formed in cocon
C. Several zygotes will be formed in cocoon
D. Sperms will not reach the cocoon and fertilization will not take place

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Earthworm Anatomy**: Earthworms are segmented, tube-shaped organisms that are bisexual. They have a specialized structure called the clitellum, which is crucial for reproduction.

2. **Role of the Clitellum**: The clitellum, located towards the anterior end of the earthworm, secretes a viscous fluid that forms a cocoon. This cocoon is essential for the development of fertilized eggs.

3. **Mating Process**: During mating, two earthworms align ventrally (belly to belly) and exchange sperm. This sperm is later injected into the cocoon formed by the clitellum.

4. **Cocoon Release**: Normally, the cocoon is released from the posterior end of the earthworm. If the cocoon were to be released from the posterior end instead of the anterior end, the sperm exchanged during mating would not reach the cocoon.

5. **Consequences of Improper Cocoon Release**: Without the sperm reaching the cocoon, fertilization cannot occur. This means that no zygotes will be formed, as the eggs within the cocoon will not be fertilized.

6. **Evaluating Options**:
- Option 1 states that digestion will be affected, which is incorrect as digestion is not related to cocoon release.
- Option 2 claims that only one zygote will be formed, which is also incorrect since no zygotes will form.
- Option 3 suggests that several zygotes will be formed, which is false for the same reason.
- Option 4 correctly states that sperm would not reach the cocoon and fertilization will not take place, making it the correct answer.

**Final Answer**: If an earthworm releases cocoons from the posterior end instead of the anterior end, sperm would not reach the cocoon, and fertilization will not take place (Option 4).

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