Home
Class 12
BIOLOGY
Several genes called have been identif...

Several genes called ____ have been identified in normal cells which when activated will turn into ___, and under certain conditions, could lead to cancerous transformation of the cells.
Complete the above paragraph by selecting correct sequence of words.

A

oncogenes, proto oncogenes

B

cellular oncogenes, proto oncogenes

C

proto oncogenes, oncogenes

D

oncogenes, proto oncogenes

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To complete the paragraph, we need to identify the correct sequence of words that describe the relationship between the genes in normal cells and their potential to lead to cancer. 1. **Identify the types of genes**: The question mentions two types of genes: proto-oncogenes and oncogenes. - **Proto-oncogenes** are normal genes present in cells that regulate cell growth and proliferation. - **Oncogenes** are mutated or activated forms of proto-oncogenes that have the potential to cause cancer. 2. **Understanding the function of proto-oncogenes**: Proto-oncogenes play a crucial role in normal cellular functions such as promoting cell division and inhibiting apoptosis (programmed cell death). 3. **Activation of proto-oncogenes**: When proto-oncogenes undergo mutations or are upregulated, they become oncogenes. This transformation is significant because oncogenes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer. 4. **Conditions for cancer development**: The question specifies that under certain conditions, the activation of oncogenes can lead to cancerous transformation. These conditions may include exposure to carcinogens or other mutations. 5. **Fill in the blanks**: Based on the understanding: - The first blank should be filled with **proto-oncogenes** (the normal genes). - The second blank should be filled with **oncogenes** (the activated genes that can cause cancer). Thus, the completed paragraph reads: "Several genes called **proto-oncogenes** have been identified in normal cells which when activated will turn into **oncogenes**, and under certain conditions, could lead to cancerous transformation of the cells." **Final Answer**: proto-oncogenes and oncogenes.
Promotional Banner

Topper's Solved these Questions

  • HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE

    NCERT FINGERTIPS ENGLISH|Exercise Human Health And Disease|177 Videos

  • EVOLUTION

    NCERT FINGERTIPS ENGLISH|Exercise All Questions|160 Videos

  • HUMAN REPRODUCTION

    NCERT FINGERTIPS ENGLISH|Exercise Human Reproduction|185 Videos

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

Genes in the normal cells which when activated lead to oncogenic transformation are called

Each thoracic segment of Periplaneta americana is enclosed by four "____" skeletal sclerites : a dorsal "_____" a ventral "______" and two lateral "______" . The "_____" of the prothorax is also called pronotum, which covers the neck and a part of the head Complete the above paragraph by selecting the correct sequence of words.

Assertion : Proto-oncogenes are cellular genes required for normal growth. Reason : Under normal conditions they could lead to the oncogenic tranformation of the cell.

Normal cell have genes called .....A...... which are present in inactivated state but under certain conditions like ....B...... they get transformed to .....C.... Here A, B and C refers to

a) Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases of humans. Explain 'Contact inhibitions' and Metastasis' with respect to the disease. b) Name the group of genes which have been identified in normal cells that could lead to cancer and how they do so? c) Name any two technique which are used to detect cancers of interorgans? d) Why are cancer pateints often given a-interferon as part of the treatment.

Study the following step which are followed during the process of gene therapy while treating a patient of SCID (i) Retrovirus infects lymphocytes extracted from bone marrow of the patient and cultured (ii) Engineered cells are injected into patient's bone marrow (iii) Normal allele is inserted into a retrovirus (iv) Retrovirus makes a DNA copy of its RNA. This DNA carrying the normal allele gets inserted into the chromosome of the host cell Arrangement the above given steps in correct sequence and select the correct option

The different steps of recombinant DNA technology are given below randomly. (i) Isolation of the DNA fragments or genes to be cloned (ii) Introduction of the recombinant DNA into a suitable cell (usually E. coil) called host (transformation) (iii) Multiplication/expression of the introduced gene in the host (iv) Selection of the transformed host cells, and identification of the clone containing the desired gene/DNA fragment (v) Insertion of the isolated gene in a suitable plasmid vector Which of the following represents the correct sequences of steps ?

Q.) "______" is a couple of layer thick, made of narrow, thin walled and nearly rectangular cells. It cuts dervatives on both sides. The outer cells differentiate into "_____" or "______" while the inner cells differentiate into "______" or "_______" . The three together is called "_______" Select the right sequence of words to complete the above given paragraph.