Which of the following is not a hereditary disease

Options

A. Haemophilia
B. Cretinism
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Thalassaemia

Answer

To determine which of the following is not a hereditary disease, we will analyze each option provided:

1. **Hemophilia**:
- Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in clotting factors due to mutations in genes located on the X chromosome.
- It is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner, meaning it can be passed from parents to offspring.
- **Conclusion**: Hemophilia is a hereditary disease.

2. **Cretinism**:
- Cretinism is characterized by stunted physical and mental growth due to a deficiency of thyroid hormones.
- This condition is not inherited but rather results from environmental factors or maternal health during pregnancy, such as iodine deficiency.
- **Conclusion**: Cretinism is not a hereditary disease.

3. **Cystic Fibrosis**:
- Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene located on chromosome 7.
- It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning it can be passed from parents to offspring.
- **Conclusion**: Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease.

4. **Thalassemia**:
- Thalassemia is a group of blood disorders caused by mutations in the HBB and HBA genes, which are located on chromosomes 11 and 16, respectively.
- It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.
- **Conclusion**: Thalassemia is a hereditary disease.

After analyzing all options, we find that the only condition that is not hereditary is **Cretinism**.

**Final Answer**: The correct option is B, Cretinism.

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