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which of the following species are isoel...

which of the following species are isoelectronic ?
(i) `Ne` ,(ii) `O^(2-)` , (iii) `Mg^(2+)` , (iv) `F`
(v) `Al^(3+)` , (vi) `Cl^(ө)` , (vii) `K` , (viii) `Na`
Arrange them in decreasing order of their size.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The number of electrons in these species are:
(i) `Ne=10` , (ii) `O^(2-)=8+2=10`
(iii) `Mg^(2+)=12-2=10` , (iv) `F=9`
(v) `Al^(3+) = 13-3 = 10` , (vi) `Cl^(ө) = 17+1=18` , (vii) `K = 19` , (viii) `Na=11`
Thus, `Ne, O^(2-), Mg^(2+), Al^(3+)` are isoelectronic species (each one of which has `10` electrons).
Nuclear charge on these isoelectronic species are as:
`Ne=+10` , `O^(2-)=+8`
`Mg^(2+)=12` , `Al^(3+) = 13`.
Size of the species decreases the nuclear charge increases, therefore the size of isoelectronic species decreases in the order.
`O^(2-) gt Ne gt Mg^(2+) gt Al^(3+)`.
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