In communication system, the process of superimposing a low frequency signal on a high frequency wave is known as
In communication system, the process of superimposing a low frequency signal on a high frequency wave is known as
A
repeater
B
attenuation
C
modulation
D
demodulation
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The correct Answer is:
C
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The efficient transmission of signals is achieved by superimposing electrical audio signals on a high frequency carrier wave (the process is known as modulation). When the amplitude of high frequency carrier wave is changed in accordance with the intensity of modulating signal, it is called amplitude modulation. The extent to which the amplitude of carrier wave is changed by the signal is described by modulation factor. It is given as m="Amplitude change of carrier wave"/"Amplitude of unmodulated carrier wave" Let a carrier wave is represented by V_c=V_c cos omega_ct Let the modulation factor be m, the maximum change in amplitude of carrier wave is mV_c So, modulating signal can be represented as v_m=mV_c cosomega_mt So, the amplitude of modulated wave is =V_c+mV_c cosomega_m t Using this value, the instantaneous voltage of modulated wave is E=V_c cos omega_c t+ (mV_c)/2 cos (omega_c+omega_m)t + (mV_c)/2 cos (omega_c-omega_m ) t The above wave contains three frequencies namely, f_c, f_c+f_m and f_c-f_m . The frequencies f_c+f_m and f_c-f_m are called side band frequencies , USB and LSB respectively. The fraction of total power carried by side band frequencies is
Perhaps, the most commonly used mode of communication involves use of free space as a communication channel between transmitter and receiver. The various possible modes of using of free space have been described below Ground wave communication : This mode is used for low frequency as at high frequency, losses become large. This is useful for distance of the order of 1 km. Space wave communication: The signals are transmitted directly from transmitter to receiver. There is no limit to upper frequency, but its range is limited to few hundred kilometers. The range depends on the height of transmitting antenna Sky wave communication : The signals are sent towards sky They are reflected back towards earth by ionosphere. Its range can be above 500 km. But, very high frequencies (above 10 MHz) are not reflected back. Satellite communication: The signals that cannot be reflected back by ionosphere are reflected back by satellite. Moon is a passive satellite of earth. The cordless phone installed in a house uses
Perhaps, the most commonly used mode of communication involves use of free space as a communication channel between transmitter and receiver. The various possible modes of using of free space have been described below Ground wave communication : This mode is used for low frequency as at high frequency, losses become large. This is useful for distance of the order of 1 km. Space wave communication: The signals are transmitted directly from transmitter to receiver. There is no limit to upper frequency, but its range is limited to few hundred kilometers. The range depends on the height of transmitting antenna Sky wave communication : The signals are sent towards sky They are reflected back towards earth by ionosphere. Its range can be above 500 km. But, very high frequencies (above 10 MHz) are not reflected back. Satellite communication: The signals that cannot be reflected back by ionosphere are reflected back by satellite. Moon is a passive satellite of earth. A receiver receives a signal of frequency 108 MHz from a transmitter 300 km away. It must be coming via
Perhaps, the most commonly used mode of communication involves use of free space as a communication channel between transmitter and receiver. The various possible modes of using of free space have been described below Ground wave communication : This mode is used for low frequency as at high frequency, losses become large. This is useful for distance of the order of 1 km. Space wave communication: The signals are transmitted directly from transmitter to receiver. There is no limit to upper frequency, but its range is limited to few hundred kilometers. The range depends on the height of transmitting antenna Sky wave communication : The signals are sent towards sky They are reflected back towards earth by ionosphere. Its range can be above 500 km. But, very high frequencies (above 10 MHz) are not reflected back. Satellite communication: The signals that cannot be reflected back by ionosphere are reflected back by satellite. Moon is a passive satellite of earth. The frequency range allotted to FM radio broadcast is 88 MHz to 108 MHz. Which of the following communication channels can be used for its transmission?