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{:("1. Electrovalent bonding","a. Benzen...

`{:("1. Electrovalent bonding","a. Benzene"),("2. Covalent bonding","b. Heitler and London"),("3. Valence Bond theory","c. Electron transfer"),("4. Polarised Bond","d. Electron sharing"),("5. Resonance","e. Fajan.s theory"),(,"f. Aluminium chloride"):}`

Text Solution

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The chemical bond formed by sharing of two valence electrons between the two atoms is called covalent bond. e.g. Covalent bond is formed between oxygen and each of the hydrogen in a water molecule `(H_2O).`
Each of the covalent bonds contains two electrons - one from a hydrogen atom and one from the oxygen atom. Both atoms share the electrons. `H:underset (* *)overset(* *)O:H`
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Knowledge Check

  • {:("List - I","List - II"),("A. Covalent solid","1. Solid "CO_(2)),("B. Non polar molecular solid","2. SiC"),("C. Polar molecular solid","3. Solid ice"),("D. Hydrogen bonded molecular solids","4. Anthracene"):}

    A
    `{:(A,B,C,D),(2,4,1,3):}`
    B
    `{:(A,B,C,D),(4,3,2,1):}`
    C
    `{:(A,B,C,D),(3,1,4,2):}`
    D
    `{:(A,B,C,D),(1,2,3,4):}`
  • Match {:(A,"Molecules with electron deficient central atoms",1,PCl_(5)),(B,"Molecules containing odd electrons",2,BF_(3)),(C,"Molecules containing expanded valence shells ",3,NO_(2)):}

    A
    `{:(A,B,C),(1,2,3):}`
    B
    `{:(A,B,C),(2,3,1):}`
    C
    `{:(A,B,C),(2,1,3):}`
    D
    `{:(A,B,C),(1,3,2):}`
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    {:(1.,"Dalton",(a),"Hydrogen atom model"),(2.,"Thomson",(b),"Planetary model"),(3.,"Rutherford",(c ),"First atomic theory"),(4.,"Neils Bohr",(d),"Plum pundding model"),(,,(e ),"Discovery of neutrons"):}

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    {:(,"Borax bead test",,),(1.,"Copper","a.","Blue"),(2.,"Iron","b.","Grey"),(3.,"Manganese","c.","Red"),(4.,"Cobalt","d.","Bottlegreen"),(5.,"Chromium","e.","Colorless"),(,,"f.","Green"):}