The inversion of cane sugar is represented by
`C_(12)H_(22)O_(11) + H_(2)O rarr C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) + C_(6)H_(12)O_(6)`
It is a reaction of

Options

A. second order
B. unimolecular
C. pseudo unimolecular
D. none of the three

Explanation

To determine the order of the reaction for the inversion of cane sugar represented by the equation:

\[ C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2O \rightarrow C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} + C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} \]

we will analyze the reaction step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants and Products
The reaction involves sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) reacting with water (H₂O) to produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and fructose (C₆H₁₂O₆).

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction Conditions
The reaction typically occurs in the presence of an acid catalyst, which helps facilitate the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose.

### Step 3: Determine the Rate Expression
The rate of the reaction can be expressed as:

\[ \text{Rate} = k [C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}][H_2O] \]

Where \( k \) is the rate constant.

### Step 4: Analyze the Concentration of Water
In this reaction, water is usually present in excess. When a reactant is in excess, its concentration remains relatively constant throughout the reaction. Therefore, we can simplify the rate expression:

\[ \text{Rate} = k' [C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}] \]

Where \( k' = k[H_2O] \) is a new rate constant that includes the concentration of water.

### Step 5: Determine the Order of the Reaction
Since the rate expression now depends only on the concentration of sucrose, we can conclude that the reaction behaves as a first-order reaction with respect to sucrose.

### Step 6: Identify the Molecularity
The molecularity of a reaction refers to the number of reactant molecules involved in the rate-determining step. In this case, two reactants (sucrose and water) are involved, making the molecularity of the reaction 2.

### Conclusion
Thus, the inversion of cane sugar is classified as a **pseudo-unimolecular reaction**. It appears to be second-order due to the presence of two reactants, but because one reactant (water) is in excess, the order of the reaction is actually first-order with respect to sucrose.

### Final Answer
The inversion of cane sugar is a **pseudo-unimolecular reaction**.

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