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The correct order of dipole moment of HF...

The correct order of dipole moment of HF, HCl, HBr, HI and `H_(2)` is :

A

`H_(2)ltHFltHClltHBrltHI`

B

`H_(2)ltHFltHBrltHClltHI`

C

`H_(2)ltHIltHBrltHClltHF`

D

`H_(2)ltHIltHBrltHFltHCl`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine the correct order of dipole moments for the molecules HF, HCl, HBr, HI, and H₂, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand Dipole Moment The dipole moment (μ) is a measure of the polarity of a chemical bond. It is defined as the product of the charge (Q) and the distance (D) between the charges. The formula is given by: \[ \mu = Q \times D \] ### Step 2: Identify Electronegativity The dipole moment depends on the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms involved in the bond. The greater the difference in electronegativity, the larger the dipole moment. The electronegativity values for the relevant elements are: - Fluorine (F): 4.0 - Chlorine (Cl): 3.0 - Bromine (Br): 2.8 - Iodine (I): 2.5 - Hydrogen (H): 2.1 ### Step 3: Analyze Each Molecule 1. **HF**: The electronegativity difference is highest between H and F, leading to the largest dipole moment. 2. **HCl**: The electronegativity difference between H and Cl is less than that of HF, resulting in a smaller dipole moment than HF. 3. **HBr**: The electronegativity difference between H and Br is less than that of HCl, leading to a smaller dipole moment than HCl. 4. **HI**: The electronegativity difference between H and I is the smallest among these bonds, resulting in the smallest dipole moment. 5. **H₂**: Since both atoms are the same, the dipole moment is zero. ### Step 4: Order the Dipole Moments Based on the analysis: - HF has the highest dipole moment. - HCl comes next. - HBr follows. - HI has the lowest dipole moment among the halides. - H₂ has a dipole moment of zero. Thus, the order of dipole moments from highest to lowest is: \[ \mu(HF) > \mu(HCl) > \mu(HBr) > \mu(HI) > \mu(H_2) = 0 \] ### Final Answer The correct order of dipole moments is: \[ HF > HCl > HBr > HI > H_2 \]

To determine the correct order of dipole moments for the molecules HF, HCl, HBr, HI, and H₂, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand Dipole Moment The dipole moment (μ) is a measure of the polarity of a chemical bond. It is defined as the product of the charge (Q) and the distance (D) between the charges. The formula is given by: \[ \mu = Q \times D \] ### Step 2: Identify Electronegativity The dipole moment depends on the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms involved in the bond. The greater the difference in electronegativity, the larger the dipole moment. The electronegativity values for the relevant elements are: ...
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Knowledge Check

  • The correct order of dipole moment is

    A
    `CH_(4) lt NF_(3) lt NH_(3) lt H_(2)O`
    B
    `NF_(3)lt CH_(4) lt NH_(3) lt H_(2)O`
    C
    `NH_(3) lt NF_(3) lt CH_(4) lt H_(2)O`
    D
    `H_(2)O lt NH_(3) lt NF_(3) lt CH_(4)`
  • The correct order of dipole moment in

    A
    `CH_4 lt NF_3 lt NH_3 lt H_2O`
    B
    `NF_3 lt CH_4 lt NH_3 lt H_2O`
    C
    `NH_3 lt NF_3 lt CH_4 lt H_2O`
    D
    `H_2Olt NH_3ltNF_3ltCH_4`
  • The correct order of dipole moment in

    A
    `CH_4 lt NF_3 lt NH_3 lt H_2O`
    B
    `NF_3 lt CH_4 lt NH_3 lt H_2O`
    C
    `NH_3 lt NF_3 lt CH_4 lt H_2O`
    D
    `H_2Olt NH_3ltNF_3ltCH_4`
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