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Formic acid reduces Tollen's reagent, bu...

Formic acid reduces Tollen's reagent, but acetic acid does not-Give reasons.

Text Solution

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(i) Formic acid (HCOOH) is unique because it contains both an aldehyde group and carboxyl group also.
(ii) Hence it can act as a reducing agent. It reduces Fehling's solution Tollen's reagent and decolourises pink coloured `KMnO_(4)` solution.
(iii) Whereas in acetic acid, there is no aldehyde group and it cannot act as reducing agent.
(iv) Formic acid reduces ammoniacal silver nitrate solution (Tollen's reagent) to metallic silver.
`HCOOH+Ag_(2)OtoH_(2)O+CO_(2)+2Agdarr` (metallic silver)
(v) Formic acid reduces Fehling's solution. It reduces blue coloured cupric ions to red coloured cuprous ions.
`HCOO^(-)+underset("(blue)")(2Cu^(2+))+5OH^(-)toCO_(3)^(2-)+underset("(red)")(Cu_(2)O)+3H_(2)O`
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Knowledge Check

  • Assertion : Formic acid reduces Tollens reagent. Reason : Formic acid contains an aldehyde as well as acid group.

    A
    (A) and ( R) are true and ( R) is the correct explanation of (A)
    B
    Both (A) and ( R) are true but ( R) does not explain (A)
    C
    (A) is true but ( R) is false
    D
    Both (A) and ( R) are false

  • The acid which reduces Tollen's reagent is ________

    A
    acetic acid
    B
    benzoic acid
    C
    formic acid
    D
    oxalic acid

  • Which of the following will reduce Tollen's reagent and Fehling 's solution ?

    A
    Glucose
    B
    Fructose
    C
    Surcose
    D
    Maltose

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    Formic acid is more stronger than acetic acid. Justify this statement.

    An organic compound (A) C_(7)H_(6)O reduces Tollen's reagent. Compound (A) reacts with acetic anhydride in the presence of anhydrous sodium acetate and gives an unsaturated acid (B). Compound (A) reacts with acetone in the presence of alkali and gives (C). What are (A), (B) and (C)? Explain the reactions.

    An organic compound (A) of molecular formula C_2H_4O reduces tollen's reagent to silver mirror. (A) on treatment with C_2H_5MgBr followed by acid hydrolysis gives (B) of formula C_4H_10 O . (B) on reaction with Cu at 573 K gives (C) of formula C_4H_8O which does not reduce tollen's reagent but answers iodoform test. Identify A,B,C,D and explain the reaction involved.

    (i) What happens when m-cresol is treated with acidic solution of sodium dichromate? (ii) Formic acid is more stronger than acetic acid. Justify this statement.

    Pick out the compound that reduces Tollen's reagent and Fehling's solution.

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