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In Opuntia, the stem is modified into a ...

In Opuntia, the stem is modified into a flattened green structure of perform the function of leaves, (i.e., photosynthesis). Cite some other example of modifications of plant parts for the purpose of photosynthesis.

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Opunita is a xerophytic plant, in which leaves are modified into spine to reduce the rate of transpiration and they donot perform the photosynthesis at all.
So function of photosynthesis in Opuntia plant is performed by stem which is thick fleshy and flattened structure containing chlorophyll and stores food. It is known as phylloclade.
Sometimes , the stem, i.e., about one internode long modifies into a leaf like structure to carry out photosynthesis , as in Asparagus. They are present in axil of scale leaves while true leaves aer reduced to scales or spines.
Similarly in some plants, roots become assimilatory as in the case of Trapa and Tinospora. These roots grow outside the soil, develop chlorophyll in them and perform photosynthesis.
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Plant of arid regions that modifies its stem into flattened structure that contains chlorophyll & carries out photosynthesis is

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Knowledge Check

  • Stems modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as

    A
    Phyllodes
    B
    Phylloclades
    C
    Scales
    D
    Cladodes

  • Stems modified into falt green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as

    A
    Scales
    B
    Cladoodes
    C
    Phyllodes
    D
    Phyllociades

  • Stems modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as :-

    A
    Cladodes
    B
    Phyllodes
    C
    Phylloclades
    D
    Scales

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    Read the passage and answer the questions that follow: Simple tissues are also known as ground tissues. They include the tissues known as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. The parenchyma tissue is composed of parenchyma cells, which are found throughout the plant. They are particularly abundant in the stems and roots. The leaf cells that carry out photosynthesis are also parenchyma cells. Unlike many other plant cells, parenchyma cells are alive at maturity and retain the ability to divide. They perform many functions. Some are special ised for photosynthesis, some for storage, and oth ers for secretion and transport. Like parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells are alive at maturity. They differ from parenchyma cells in that they have thick cell walls. The col lenchyma tissue is most often found in the form of strands or cylinders of cells in stems and leaves. The thick cell walls of collenchyma cells provide support to these plant structures. The strands of tissues in celery are collenchyma tissues. Even collenchyma cells retain the ability to divide. Sclerenchyma consists of thick-walled dead cells. It possesses extremely thick secondary walls due to uniform deposition of lignin. It provides mechanical strength. The cells may occur singly or in groups and may be long and fibrous or stony.Stone cells (sclereids) are found in seed coats and some fruits (e.g, pear). What type of tissue accounts for the crunch when you eat celery?

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