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The bond angles in NH(3), NF(3) and NCl(...

The bond angles in `NH_(3), NF_(3) and NCl_(3)` are in the order:

A

`NCl_(3) gt NH_(3) gt NF_(3)`

B

`NH_(3)gt NCl_(3) gt NF_(3)`

C

`NH_(3)gt NH_(3)gt NCl_(3)`

D

`NF_(3) gt NCl_(3) gt NH_(3)`

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine the bond angles in NH₃ (ammonia), NF₃ (nitrogen trifluoride), and NCl₃ (nitrogen trichloride), we can analyze the molecular geometry and the effects of lone pairs and electronegativity using VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory and N-B-E-P-R (Non-Bonded Electron Pair Repulsion) theory. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Molecular Geometry**: - All three compounds (NH₃, NF₃, NCl₃) have a trigonal pyramidal shape due to the presence of one lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom. 2. **Consider the Effect of Lone Pairs**: - In NH₃, the lone pair exerts repulsion on the bonding pairs, which slightly decreases the bond angle from the ideal tetrahedral angle (109.5°). - In NF₃, the lone pair also repels the bonding pairs, but the electronegativity of fluorine pulls the bonding pairs closer to the nitrogen, which can lead to a smaller bond angle compared to NH₃. - In NCl₃, the larger size of chlorine atoms compared to hydrogen and fluorine results in less repulsion from the lone pair, which can lead to a larger bond angle. 3. **Analyze Electronegativity**: - Fluorine is more electronegative than hydrogen, which means that in NF₃, the bond angles will be smaller due to the stronger pull of the fluorine atoms on the bonding electrons. - Chlorine is less electronegative than fluorine, which means that in NCl₃, the bond angles will be larger compared to NF₃. 4. **Compare the Bond Angles**: - The bond angles can be expected to follow this trend based on the above analysis: - NCl₃ > NH₃ > NF₃ - Therefore, the bond angles in the order are: - NCl₃ (largest) > NH₃ (intermediate) > NF₃ (smallest). ### Conclusion: The bond angles in NH₃, NF₃, and NCl₃ are in the order: **NCl₃ > NH₃ > NF₃**.
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