Find incorrect statement about manganate and permanganate ions

Options

A. both manganate & permanganate ions are paramagnetic
B. manganate ion is green in color while permanganate ion is purple in color
C. both manganate & permanganete ions have tetrahedral shape
D. in manganate & permanganate ions Mn form `ppi-dpi` bond eith oxygen

Answer

To find the incorrect statement about manganate and permanganate ions, let's analyze the properties of both ions step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the Chemical Formulas
- **Permanganate Ion (MnO4⁻)**: The permanganate ion has a charge of -1. It is derived from potassium permanganate (KMnO4).
- **Manganate Ion (MnO4²⁻)**: The manganate ion has a charge of -2.

### Step 2: Determine the Oxidation States
- **Permanganate Ion**: In MnO4⁻, the oxidation state of manganese (Mn) can be calculated as follows:
\[ x + 4(-2) = -1 \implies x - 8 = -1 \implies x = +7 \]
So, Mn in permanganate is in the +7 oxidation state.

- **Manganate Ion**: In MnO4²⁻, the oxidation state of manganese can be calculated as:
\[ x + 4(-2) = -2 \implies x - 8 = -2 \implies x = +6 \]
So, Mn in manganate is in the +6 oxidation state.

### Step 3: Analyze Magnetic Properties
- **Permanganate Ion (MnO4⁻)**: With Mn in the +7 oxidation state, all its electrons are removed from the 3d and 4s orbitals. Therefore, it has no unpaired electrons and is **diamagnetic**.
- **Manganate Ion (MnO4²⁻)**: With Mn in the +6 oxidation state, it has one unpaired electron in the 3d orbital, making it **paramagnetic**.

### Step 4: Identify Colors of the Ions
- **Permanganate Ion**: It is known to have a **purple color**.
- **Manganate Ion**: It is known to have a **green color**.

### Step 5: Determine the Hybridization and Geometry
- **Permanganate Ion (MnO4⁻)**: The hybridization is **d³s** (not sp³), and the geometry is **tetrahedral**.
- **Manganate Ion (MnO4²⁻)**: Similarly, the hybridization is also **d³s**, and the geometry is **tetrahedral**.

### Conclusion
From the analysis:
1. The first statement claiming both ions are paramagnetic is **incorrect**. The permanganate ion is diamagnetic, while the manganate ion is paramagnetic.
2. The colors of the ions and their hybridization and geometry statements are correct.

### Final Answer
The incorrect statement is that both manganate and permanganate ions are paramagnetic.

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