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How is the vapour pressure of a solvent ...

How is the vapour pressure of a solvent affected when a non volatile solute is dissolved in it?

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When solute is added to a solvent the vapor presure of the solvent (above the resulting solution) is lower than the vapor pressure above the pure solvent.
When a non volatile solute is added to sovent it reduces the escaping tendency of solvent molecule in to vapour phase because some of the solute particle occupy the surface and thus lower the vap pressure of solvent .This behaviour is shown by rault law
`P_(solvent)=X_(solvent)P_(solvent)^(0)`
Where: `P_(solvent)`is the vapour pressure of the solvent above the solution
`X_(solvent )` is the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution and
`P_(solvent)^(0)` is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent
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Knowledge Check

  • Assiertion : The vapour pressure of a luquid decreses if some non-volatile solute is dissolved in it. Reason : The relative lowering of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is equil to the mole fraction of the solute in the solution.

    A
    If both assertion are reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
    B
    If both assertion and reason are corrct but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
    C
    If assertion is corrct but reason is incorrect.
    D
    If assertion and reason both are incrrect.

  • The vapour pressure of a solvent decreases by 5.4 torr when a non-volatile solute is added. In this solution, mole fraction of solute is 0.2. What would be mole fraction of the solvent if decreases in vapour pressure is 16.2 torr ?

    A
    0.6
    B
    0.4
    C
    0.2
    D
    0.8

  • The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by 10 mmHg when a nonvolatile solute was added to the solvent. The mole fraction of the solute in the solution is 0.2. What would be the mole fraction of the solvent if the decrease in the vapour pressure is to be 20 mmHg?

    A
    0.8
    B
    0.6
    C
    0.4
    D
    0.2

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