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Explain the following terms : (a) Chem...

Explain the following terms :
(a) Chemistry of all Lanthanoids is so identical .
(b) Silver atom has completely filled d- orbitals `(4d^(10))` in its ground state . How can you say that is a transition elements ?

Text Solution

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(a) All the lanthanoids have similar outer electronic configuration and show +3 oxidation state in their compounds . Therefore , all the Lanthanoids have similar chemical properties .
The different lanthanoids differ mainly in the number of 4f-electrons which are burried deep in the atoms and hence , do not influence the properties . Moreover , due to lanthanoid contraction , there is very small difference in the size of all trivalent lanthanoid ions . Thus the size of their ions is also almost identical which resultsin similar chemical properties .
(b) According to definition , transition elements are those which have partially filled d-subshell in their elementary states or in their one of the oxidation states . Silver ( Z = 47) can exhibit +2 oxidation state in which it has incompletely filled d-subshells . Hence , silver is regarded as transition element .
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Silver atom has completely filled d-orbitals (4d^(10)) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element ?

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Knowledge Check

  • Statement-1: silver is a transition element. Statement-2: silver atom has completely filled d-robitals (4d^(10)) in its ground state.

    A
    Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true, statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1.
    B
    Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true, statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1
    C
    Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
    D
    statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

  • The one which has incompletely filled d-orbitals in its ground state or in any one of its oxidation state is known as

    A
    transition element
    B
    d-block elements
    C
    f-block element
    D
    None of these

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    (i) Give the general electronic configuration of d-block elements, (ii) Silver atom has completely filled d-orbitals (4d^10) in its ground state. Yet, it is considered as transition element. Why? (iii) Cu^+ ion is not stable in aqueous solution. Explain. (iv) Actinoids contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction. Why?

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