Assertion: Genetic engineering is essentially the alteration of the genetic make up of cells by deliberate and artificial means.
Reason: It involves transfer or replacement of genes to create recombinant DNA.

Options

A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Assertion**: The assertion states that genetic engineering involves the alteration of the genetic makeup of cells through deliberate and artificial means. This means that scientists intentionally modify the DNA or RNA of an organism.

2. **Understanding the Reason**: The reason provided explains that genetic engineering involves the transfer or replacement of genes to create recombinant DNA. This indicates that through genetic engineering, genes from one organism can be inserted into another organism's DNA, resulting in a new combination of genetic material.

3. **Linking Assertion and Reason**: Both the assertion and reason are closely related. The assertion describes the overall process of genetic engineering, while the reason provides a specific mechanism (transfer or replacement of genes) that explains how this alteration occurs.

4. **Evaluating the Truth of Both Statements**:
- The assertion is true because genetic engineering does involve intentional changes to genetic material.
- The reason is also true because the creation of recombinant DNA is a fundamental aspect of genetic engineering, achieved through the transfer or replacement of genes.

5. **Conclusion**: Since both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion, we can conclude that the answer is that both statements are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

**Final Answer**: Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

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