The solution which shows negative or positive deviation by Raoult's law, is called

Options

A. Ideal solution
B. Real solution
C. Non-ideal solution
D. Colloidal solution

Answer

To solve the question regarding the solution that shows negative or positive deviation from Raoult's law, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Raoult's Law**: Raoult's law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution. It applies to ideal solutions where the interactions between different molecules are similar to those in the pure components.

2. **Identify Ideal vs Non-Ideal Solutions**: In an ideal solution, the intermolecular forces between the different components are similar, leading to no deviation from Raoult's law. However, in non-ideal solutions, the interactions differ significantly, leading to either positive or negative deviations.

3. **Positive Deviation**: This occurs when the vapor pressure of the solution is higher than predicted by Raoult's law. This happens when the interactions between different molecules (AB) are weaker than the interactions among the same type of molecules (AA or BB).

4. **Negative Deviation**: This occurs when the vapor pressure of the solution is lower than predicted by Raoult's law. This happens when the interactions between different molecules (AB) are stronger than the interactions among the same type of molecules (AA or BB).

5. **Conclusion**: Since both positive and negative deviations indicate that the solution does not behave ideally, we can conclude that the solution which shows negative or positive deviation from Raoult's law is called a **non-ideal solution**.

### Final Answer:
The solution which shows negative or positive deviation by Raoult's law is called a **non-ideal solution**.

---