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In a single-slit diffraction experiment,...

In a single-slit diffraction experiment, light of wavelength `lambda` illuminates the slit of width 'a' and the diffraction pattern is observed on a screen.
(a) Show the intensity distribution in the pattern with the angular position `theta`.
(b) How are the intensity and angular width of central maxima affected when
(i) width of slit is increased, and
(ii) separation between slit and screen is decreased ?

Text Solution

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(a) The graph is shown here.
(b) (i) If the width .a. of the slit is increased then angular width of central maxima is decreased and intensity of maxima increases.
(ii) If the separation between slit and screen (D) is increased, the angular width of central maxima remains unaffected but intensity of light decreases.
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Knowledge Check

  • In a single slit diffraction of light of wavelength lambda by a slit of width e, the size of the central maximum on a screen at a distance b is

    A
    (a) `2blambda+e`
    B
    (b) `(2blambda)/(e)`
    C
    (c) `(2blambda)/(e)=e`
    D
    (d) `(2blambda)/(e)-e`

  • In a single slit diffraction pattern intensity and width of fringes are

    A
    unequal width
    B
    equal width
    C
    equal width and equal intensity
    D
    unequal width and unequal intensity

  • In a single slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit is made double its original width. Then the central maximum of the diffraction pattern will become

    A
    narrower and fainter
    B
    narrower and brighter
    C
    broader and fainter
    D
    broader and brighter

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