The carrier wave is represented by
`C(t) = 5 sin (10 pi t)` volt
A modulating signal is a square wave as shown in figure. Determine modulation index.

Explanation

Modulation index (i) is the ratio of the amplitude of the modulating signal to the amplitude of the carrier wave.
The generalised equaiton of a carrier wave is given below :
`cm(t)=Ac sin omega ct.`
The generalised equation of a modulating wave is given below :
`cm(t)=Ac sin omegact +muAC sin omega mt sin omega ct.`
Here, `mu` is defined as `A_(m)//A_(c)`.
On comapring this with the equation of carrier wave and modulating wave, we get :
Amplitude of modulating signal, Am = 2V
Amplitude of carrier wave, Ac = 5V
`therefore" "mu=A_(m)//A_(c)=2//5=0.4`.