Which of the following statements related to the modern periodic table is incorrect?
a.The `p`-block has `6` columns, because a maximum of `6` electrons can occupy all the orbitals in a `p`-shell.
b.The `d`-blocks has `8` columns, because a maximum of `8` electrons can occupy all the orbitals in a `d`-subshell.
c.Each block contains a number of columns equal to the number of electrons that can occupy that subshell.
d.The block indicates value of azimuthal quantum number `(l)` for the last subshell that received electrons in building up the electronic configuration.

Options

A. The p-block has 6 columns, because a maximum of 6 electrons can occupy all the orbitals in a p-shell.
B. The d-block has 8 columns, because a maximum of 8 electrons can occupy all the orbitals in a d-subshell.
C. Each block contains a number of columns equal to the number of electrons that can occupy that subshell.
D. The block indicates value of azimuthal quantum number (l) for the last subshell that received electrons in building up the electronic configuration.

Explanation

To determine which statement about the modern periodic table is incorrect, let's analyze each option one by one.

1. **Statement a**: "The p-block has 6 columns because a maximum of 6 electrons can occupy all the orbitals in a p-shell."
- In the p-subshell, there are 3 orbitals (p_x, p_y, p_z), and each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Therefore, the total number of electrons that can occupy the p-subshell is 3 orbitals × 2 electrons/orbital = 6 electrons. This statement is correct.

2. **Statement b**: "The d-block has 8 columns because a maximum of 8 electrons can occupy all the orbitals in a d-subshell."
- In the d-subshell, there are 5 orbitals (d_xy, d_xz, d_yz, d_x²-y², d_z²), and each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Therefore, the total number of electrons that can occupy the d-subshell is 5 orbitals × 2 electrons/orbital = 10 electrons. This means the d-block should actually have 10 columns, not 8. Thus, this statement is incorrect.

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