which are the properties of colloidal solution ?

Options

A. Adsorption
B. Tyndall effect
C. Flocculation
D. Depression of freezing point

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Definition of Colloidal Solutions**:
- Colloidal solutions are mixtures where the particle size ranges from 1 to 1000 nanometers. These particles are dispersed throughout a continuous medium but do not settle out over time.

2. **Filtration Characteristics**:
- Colloidal solutions can pass through filter paper, but they cannot pass through animal membranes. This characteristic helps in distinguishing colloidal solutions from true solutions and suspensions.

3. **Properties of Colloidal Solutions**:
- **Tyndall Effect**:
- This is the scattering of light by colloidal particles. When a beam of light passes through a colloidal solution, the particles scatter the light, making the path of the beam visible. The intensity of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength; thus, shorter wavelengths scatter more than longer wavelengths.

- **Flocculation (Coagulation)**:
- This refers to the process where colloidal particles aggregate together, often due to the presence of oppositely charged particles. This aggregation leads to the formation of larger particles that can settle out of the solution, forming a precipitate.

4. **Depression in Freezing Point**:
- While this is a colligative property related to solutions, it is not specific to colloidal solutions. It refers to the phenomenon where the freezing point of a solvent decreases when a solute is added. Thus, it is not considered a property unique to colloidal solutions.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The main properties of colloidal solutions include the Tyndall effect and flocculation. The depression in freezing point is not a property specific to colloidal solutions.

### Summary of Properties:
- **Tyndall Effect**: Light scattering by colloidal particles.
- **Flocculation/Coagulation**: Aggregation of particles leading to precipitation.
- **Not a property**: Depression in freezing point.