Which of the following can most easily form unipositive gaseous ion?

Options

A. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)`
B. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(1)`
C. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)`
D. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(3)`

Answer

To determine which of the given options can most easily form a unipositive gaseous ion, we need to analyze the electronic configurations of the elements provided. A unipositive ion (1+) is formed when an atom loses one electron. The ease of forming such an ion is influenced by the stability of the atom's electronic configuration.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Electronic Configurations**:
- For each option, write down the outermost electronic configuration.
- Example configurations might be:
- Option A: 2p6 3s2
- Option B: 3s2 3p1
- Option C: 2p6 3s2
- Option D: 3s2 3p3

2. **Analyze Stability of Each Configuration**:
- **Option A (2p6 3s2)**: This configuration has a filled p-orbital and s-orbital, indicating a stable noble gas configuration. It is difficult to remove an electron from a stable configuration.
- **Option B (3s2 3p1)**: This configuration has one electron in the p-orbital. Since it has only one electron in the outermost shell, it can easily lose this electron to form a unipositive ion. This requires less energy compared to the others.
- **Option C (2p6 3s2)**: Similar to Option A, this is also a stable configuration with filled orbitals, making it difficult to lose an electron.
- **Option D (3s2 3p3)**: This configuration is half-filled in the p-orbital, which is stable but not as stable as a completely filled configuration. It would still be relatively difficult to remove an electron.

3. **Determine the Most Easily Formed Unipositive Ion**:
- Among all the options, **Option B (3s2 3p1)** is the most likely to form a unipositive gaseous ion because it has one easily removable electron in its outermost shell.

### Conclusion:
The correct answer is **Option B**, as it can easily lose its one electron from the p-orbital, making it the least stable and thus the most likely to form a unipositive ion.

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