Which one of the following is common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Options

A. Mitotic apparatus
B. Histones
C. Mitochondria
D. Genetic code

Answer

To determine which option is common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, let's analyze each option step by step:

### Step 1: Analyze Option A - Mitotic Apparatus
- The mitotic apparatus is involved in the process of mitosis, which is a type of cell division.
- **Prokaryotes** do not undergo mitosis; they reproduce asexually through binary fission.
- **Eukaryotes** do have a mitotic apparatus for cell division.
- **Conclusion**: Not common to both.

**Hint**: Consider the type of cell division that occurs in prokaryotes versus eukaryotes.

### Step 2: Analyze Option B - Histones
- Histones are proteins that help package DNA into a compact, organized structure called chromatin.
- **Eukaryotes** have histones that assist in DNA packaging.
- **Prokaryotes**, on the other hand, do not have histones; they have a simpler structure for their DNA.
- **Conclusion**: Not common to both.

**Hint**: Think about the structural differences in DNA packaging between the two cell types.

### Step 3: Analyze Option C - Mitochondria
- Mitochondria are organelles responsible for energy production through cellular respiration.
- **Eukaryotes** possess mitochondria as part of their cellular structure.
- **Prokaryotes** do not have mitochondria; they perform energy production through different means in the cytoplasm.
- **Conclusion**: Not common to both.

**Hint**: Consider whether the organelles are present in both types of cells.

### Step 4: Analyze Option D - Genetic Code
- The genetic code refers to the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins.
- The genetic code is universal and is found in all living organisms, including **prokaryotes** (like bacteria) and **eukaryotes** (like plants and animals).
- **Conclusion**: Common to both.

**Final Answer**: The option that is common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is **D - Genetic Code**.