PCR and restriction Fragments length Polymorphism are the methods for

Options

A. Study of enzymes
B. Genetic transformation
C. DNA sequencing
D. Genetic Fingerprinting

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction):**
- PCR is a technique used to amplify a specific segment of DNA, creating millions of copies of a particular gene or DNA sequence. This is crucial when the amount of DNA available is very small.

2. **Understanding RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism):**
- RFLP is a technique that involves the digestion of DNA with specific restriction enzymes, which cut the DNA at particular sequences. The resulting fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis. This method is used to analyze variations in DNA sequences among individuals.

3. **Analyzing the Options:**
- The question provides several options regarding the application of PCR and RFLP.
- **Option 1: Study of enzyme** - Incorrect, as PCR and RFLP are not primarily used for studying enzymes.
- **Option 2: Genetic transformation** - Incorrect, as genetic transformation typically involves other techniques like biolistics or microinjection.
- **Option 3: DNA sequencing** - Incorrect, as DNA sequencing involves different methodologies, such as those used in the Human Genome Project.
- **Option 4: Genetic fingerprinting** - Correct, as both PCR and RFLP are extensively used in genetic fingerprinting to identify individuals based on their unique DNA patterns.

4. **Conclusion:**
- The correct answer is that PCR and RFLP are methods used for genetic fingerprinting (also known as DNA fingerprinting). This technique is useful in forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic diversity studies.