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A plot of the number of neutrons (n) aga...

A plot of the number of neutrons `(n)` against the number of protons `(p)` of stable nuclei exhibits upward deviation from linearity for atomic number, `Zgt 20.` For an unstable nucleus having `n//p` ratio less than 1, the possible mode `(s)` of decay is `(are)`

A

`beta^(-)` -decay (`beta`-emission)

B

orbital and K-electron capture

C

neutron emission

D

`beta^(+)` -decay (positron emission)

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
B, D
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The figure shows a plot of number of neutron (N) versus number of protons (z) in all stable nuclei found in nature. What kind of decay are nuclei X,Y and Z expected to show?

In Tritium (T), the number of protons (P) and neutrons (N) respectively are

Knowledge Check

  • A plot of the number of neutrons (n) against the number of protons (p) of stable nuclei exhibits upward deviation from linearity for atomic number, Z > 20. For an unstable nucleus having n, p ratio less than 1, the possible mode(s) of decay is(are)

    A
    `beta^(-)`-decay `(beta`emission)
    B
    orbital or K- electron capture
    C
    neutron emission
    D
    `beta^(+)`-decay (positron emission).

  • In most stable nuclei neutron number N and proton number Z has the relation

    A
    `N lt Z`
    B
    N=Z
    C
    `N gt Z`
    D
    N`ge` Z

  • Statement 1: The plot of atomic number (y-axis) versus number of neutrons (x-axis) for stable nuclei shows a curvature towards x-axis from the line of 45^(@) slope as the atomic number is increased, and Statement 2: Proton-Proton electrostatic repulsions begin to overcome attractive forces involving protons and neutrons in heavier nuclides.

    A
    Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is true, statement 2 is correct explanation for statement 1.
    B
    Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is true, statement 2 is not a correct explanation for statement 1.
    C
    Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is false
    D
    Statement 1 is false, statement 2 is true

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    Staements I: Light nuclei are most stable if N =Z, while heavy nuclei are more stable if N gtZ. (N rarr number of neutrons, Z rarr number of protons) Staements II: As the number of protons increases in a nucleus, the Coulomb's repulsive forece increases, which tends to break the nucleus apart. So, to keep the nucleus apart. So, to keep the nucleus stable, more number of neutrons are needed which are neutral in nature.

    Statement : The plot of atomic number ( y -axis ) versus number of neutrons ( x -axis ) for stable nuclei shows a curvature towards x-axis fron the line of 45^@ slope as the atomic number is increased . Explanation : proton -proton electrostatic repulsions begin to overcome attracive forces involving protons and neutrons in heavier nuclides.

    Statement-1: Th plot of atomic number (y-axis) versus number of neutrons (x-axis) for stable nuclei shows a curvature towards x-axis from the line of 45^(@)C slope as the atomic number is increased. Statement-2: Proton-proton electrostatic repulsions begin to overcome attractive forces involving protons and neutrons in heavier nuclides.

    Statement -I : The plot if atomic number (y-axis) versus number of neutrons (x-axis) for stable nuclei shows a curvature towards x-axis from the line of 45^(@) slope as the atomic number is increased. and Statement -II : Proton-proton electrostatic repulsions begin to overcome attractive froces involving protons and neutrons in heavier nuclides.

    Unstable nuclei attain stability through disintegration. The nuclear stability is related to neutron proton ratio (n/p). For stable nuclei n/p ratio lies close to unity for elements with low atomic numbers (20 or less) but it is more than 1 for nuclei having higher atomic numbers. Nuclei having n/p ratio either very high or low undergo nuclear transformation. when n/p ratio is higher than required for stabilioty, the nuclei have the tendency to emit beta -rays. While when n/p ratio is lower than required for stability, the nucleieither emits alpha -particles or a position or capture K-electron. The order of radioactive disinigration is

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