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The most suitable method of separation o...

The most suitable method of separation of 1:1 mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenols is :
sublimation
chromatography
crystallisation
steam distillation

A

sublimation

B

chromatography

C

crystallisation

D

steam distillation

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine the most suitable method for separating a 1:1 mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenols, we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the Structures - **Ortho-nitrophenol** has the nitro group (NO2) and hydroxyl group (OH) on adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring. - **Para-nitrophenol** has the nitro group and hydroxyl group on opposite sides of the benzene ring. ### Step 2: Analyze the Properties - **Ortho-nitrophenol** exhibits intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which makes its intermolecular interactions weaker and results in a lower melting point. - **Para-nitrophenol** exhibits intermolecular hydrogen bonding, leading to stronger interactions between molecules and a higher melting point. ### Step 3: Evaluate Separation Methods 1. **Sublimation**: This method is not suitable because both compounds may not sublime effectively. 2. **Chromatography**: This method is generally effective for separation but may not be the best choice for these specific compounds. 3. **Crystallization**: This method is not suitable as both compounds may not crystallize well together. 4. **Steam Distillation**: This method is effective for separating compounds based on their volatility. The weaker intramolecular hydrogen bonding in ortho-nitrophenol makes it more volatile compared to para-nitrophenol. ### Step 4: Conclusion Based on the analysis, the most suitable method for separating a 1:1 mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenols is **steam distillation**. This method takes advantage of the volatility difference due to the hydrogen bonding characteristics of the two compounds. ---
To determine the most suitable method for separating a 1:1 mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenols, we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the Structures - **Ortho-nitrophenol** has the nitro group (NO2) and hydroxyl group (OH) on adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring. - **Para-nitrophenol** has the nitro group and hydroxyl group on opposite sides of the benzene ring. ### Step 2: Analyze the Properties - **Ortho-nitrophenol** exhibits intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which makes its intermolecular interactions weaker and results in a lower melting point. ...
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