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The correct order of atomic radii in gro...

The correct order of atomic radii in group 13 elements is

A

B `lt` Al `lt` In`lt` Ga `lt` Tl

B

B `lt` Al `lt` Ga `lt` In `lt` Tl

C

B `lt` Ga `lt` Al `lt` Tl `lt` In

D

B `lt` Ga `lt` Al `lt` In `lt` Tl

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine the correct order of atomic radii in group 13 elements, we need to analyze the elements in this group: boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (Tl). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Group 13 Elements**: The elements in group 13 of the periodic table are boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (Tl). 2. **Understand General Trends**: In general, atomic radii increase as you move down a group in the periodic table. This is due to the addition of electron shells, which increases the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons. 3. **Proposed Order Based on General Trend**: Following the general trend, one might propose the order of atomic radii as: - Boron (B) < Aluminum (Al) < Gallium (Ga) < Indium (In) < Thallium (Tl) 4. **Consider Exceptions**: However, there is an exception between aluminum and gallium. When moving from aluminum to gallium, a 3d subshell is added. The 3d electrons have a poor shielding effect, which means they do not effectively shield the outermost electrons from the nucleus's positive charge. 5. **Effect of Poor Shielding**: Due to the poor shielding effect of the 3d electrons, the outermost electrons in gallium experience a stronger attraction to the nucleus compared to aluminum. This results in a smaller atomic radius for gallium than one might expect based on the general trend. 6. **Correct Order of Atomic Radii**: Taking into account the exception, the correct order of atomic radii in group 13 elements is: - Boron (B) < Gallium (Ga) < Aluminum (Al) < Indium (In) < Thallium (Tl) ### Final Answer: The correct order of atomic radii in group 13 elements is: **B < Ga < Al < In < Tl**
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