Why are industrial effluents more difficult to manage than municipal sewage? Name a disease caused by heavy metal contamination.
Why are industrial effluents more difficult to manage than municipal sewage? Name a disease caused by heavy metal contamination.
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Industrail effluents contain hydrocarbons , lots of toxic chemical and heavy metals which are not only nonbiodergradable but also extermely harmful to ecological system even at low concertration , Minimata disease by Mercury contamination.
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Assertion : Cultural eutrophication is nutrient enrichment of water bodies due to human activities like passage of sewage, industrial effluents, etc. Reason : The prime contaminants from sewage and industrial effluents are nitrates and phosphates, which act as plant nutrients and overstimulate the growth of algae.
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Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accumulate through production overruns or errors. Certain styles and colors prove unpopular. With some products computers and software, toys, and books last year's models are difficult to move even at huge discounts. Occasionally the competition introduces a better product. But in many cases the public's buying tastes simply change, leaving a manufacturer or distributor with thousands (or millions) of items that the fickle public no longer wants. One common way to dispose of this merchandise is to sell it to a liquidator, who buys as cheaply as possible and then resells the merchandise through catalogs, discount stores, and other outlets. However, liquidators may pay less for the merchandise than it cost to make it. Another way to dispose of excess inventory is to dump it. The corporation takes a straight cost write-off on its taxes and hauls the merchandise to a landfill. Although it is hard to believe, there is a sort of convoluted logic to this approach. It is perfectly legal, requires little time or preparation on the company's part, and solves the problem quickly. The draw back is the remote possibility of getting caught by the news media. Dumping perfectly useful products can turn into a public relations nightmare. Children living in poverty are freezing and XYZ Company has just sent 500 new snowsuits to the local dump. Parents of young children are barely getting by and QPS Company dumps 1,000 cases of disposable diapers because they have slight imperfections. The managers of these companies are not deliberately wasteful, they are simply unaware of all their alternatives. In 1976 the Internal Revenue Service provided a tangible incentive for businesses to contribute their products to charity. The new tax law allowed corporations to deduct the cost of the product donated plus half the difference between cost and fair market selling price, with the proviso that deductions cannot exceed twice cost. Thus, the federal government sanctions-indeed, encourages-an above-cost federal tax deduction for companies that donate inventory to charity. The author mentions each of the following as a cause of excess inventory EXCEPT:
Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accumulate through production overruns or errors. Certain styles and colors prove unpopular. With some products computers and software, toys, and books last year's models are difficult to move even at huge discounts. Occasionally the competition introduces a better product. But in many cases the public's buying tastes simply change, leaving a manufacturer or distributor with thousands (or millions) of items that the fickle public no longer wants. One common way to dispose of this merchandise is to sell it to a liquidator, who buys as cheaply as possible and then resells the merchandise through catalogs, discount stores, and other outlets. However, liquidators may pay less for the merchandise than it cost to make it. Another way to dispose of excess inventory is to dump it. The corporation takes a straight cost write-off on its taxes and hauls the merchandise to a landfill. Although it is hard to believe, there is a sort of convoluted logic to this approach. It is perfectly legal, requires little time or preparation on the company's part, and solves the problem quickly. The draw back is the remote possibility of getting caught by the news media. Dumping perfectly useful products can turn into a public relations nightmare. Children living in poverty are freezing and XYZ Company has just sent 500 new snowsuits to the local dump. Parents of young children are barely getting by and QPS Company dumps 1,000 cases of disposable diapers because they have slight imperfections. The managers of these companies are not deliberately wasteful, they are simply unaware of all their alternatives. In 1976 the Internal Revenue Service provided a tangible incentive for businesses to contribute their products to charity. The new tax law allowed corporations to deduct the cost of the product donated plus half the difference between cost and fair market selling price, with the proviso that deductions cannot exceed twice cost. Thus, the federal government sanctions-indeed, encourages-an above-cost federal tax deduction for companies that donate inventory to charity. The author mentions each of the following as a cause of excess inventory EXCEPT:
A
production of too much merchandise
B
inaccurate forecasting of buyers' preferences
C
unrealistic pricing policies
D
products' rapid obsolescence
Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accumulate through production overruns or errors. Certain styles and colors prove unpopular. With some products computers and software, toys, and books last year's models are difficult to move even at huge discounts. Occasionally the competition introduces a better product. But in many cases the public's buying tastes simply change, leaving a manufacturer or distributor with thousands (or millions) of items that the fickle public no longer wants. One common way to dispose of this merchandise is to sell it to a liquidator, who buys as cheaply as possible and then resells the merchandise through catalogs, discount stores, and other outlets. However, liquidators may pay less for the merchandise than it cost to make it. Another way to dispose of excess inventory is to dump it. The corporation takes a straight cost write-off on its taxes and hauls the merchandise to a landfill. Although it is hard to believe, there is a sort of convoluted logic to this approach. It is perfectly legal, requires little time or preparation on the company's part, and solves the problem quickly. The draw back is the remote possibility of getting caught by the news media. Dumping perfectly useful products can turn into a public relations nightmare. Children living in poverty are freezing and XYZ Company has just sent 500 new snowsuits to the local dump. Parents of young children are barely getting by and QPS Company dumps 1,000 cases of disposable diapers because they have slight imperfections. The managers of these companies are not deliberately wasteful, they are simply unaware of all their alternatives. In 1976 the Internal Revenue Service provided a tangible incentive for businesses to contribute their products to charity. The new tax law allowed corporations to deduct the cost of the product donated plus half the difference between cost and fair market selling price, with the proviso that deductions cannot exceed twice cost. Thus, the federal government sanctions-indeed, encourages-an above-cost federal tax deduction for companies that donate inventory to charity. The information in the passage suggests that which of the following, if true, would make donating excess inventory to charity less attractive to manufacturers than dumping?
Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accumulate through production overruns or errors. Certain styles and colors prove unpopular. With some products computers and software, toys, and books last year's models are difficult to move even at huge discounts. Occasionally the competition introduces a better product. But in many cases the public's buying tastes simply change, leaving a manufacturer or distributor with thousands (or millions) of items that the fickle public no longer wants. One common way to dispose of this merchandise is to sell it to a liquidator, who buys as cheaply as possible and then resells the merchandise through catalogs, discount stores, and other outlets. However, liquidators may pay less for the merchandise than it cost to make it. Another way to dispose of excess inventory is to dump it. The corporation takes a straight cost write-off on its taxes and hauls the merchandise to a landfill. Although it is hard to believe, there is a sort of convoluted logic to this approach. It is perfectly legal, requires little time or preparation on the company's part, and solves the problem quickly. The draw back is the remote possibility of getting caught by the news media. Dumping perfectly useful products can turn into a public relations nightmare. Children living in poverty are freezing and XYZ Company has just sent 500 new snowsuits to the local dump. Parents of young children are barely getting by and QPS Company dumps 1,000 cases of disposable diapers because they have slight imperfections. The managers of these companies are not deliberately wasteful, they are simply unaware of all their alternatives. In 1976 the Internal Revenue Service provided a tangible incentive for businesses to contribute their products to charity. The new tax law allowed corporations to deduct the cost of the product donated plus half the difference between cost and fair market selling price, with the proviso that deductions cannot exceed twice cost. Thus, the federal government sanctions-indeed, encourages-an above-cost federal tax deduction for companies that donate inventory to charity. The information in the passage suggests that which of the following, if true, would make donating excess inventory to charity less attractive to manufacturers than dumping?
A
The costs of getting the inventory to the charitable destination are greater than the above-cost tax deduction.
B
The news media give manufacturers' charitable contributions the same amount of coverage that they give dumping.
C
No straight-cost tax benefit can be claimed for items that are dumped.
D
The fair-market value of an item in excess inventory is 1.5 times its cost.
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The second ionisation energies are higher than the first ionisation energies. This is mainly due to the fact the after the removal of the first electron, the atom changes into monovalent positive ion. In the ion, the number of electrons decreases but the nuclear charge remains the same. as a result of this, the remaining electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus and it becomes difficult to remove the second electron. therefore, the value of second ionisation energy. (IE_(2)) , is greater than that of the first ionisatio energy (IE_(1)) . similarly third ionisation energy (IE_(3)) is greater than that of second IE_(2) . Q. Correct order of ionisation potential of coinage metals is:
The second ionisation energies are higher than the first ionisation energies. This is mainly due to the fact the after the removal of the first electron, the atom changes into monovalent positive ion. In the ion, the number of electrons decreases but the nuclear charge remains the same. as a result of this, the remaining electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus and it becomes difficult to remove the second electron. therefore, the value of second ionisation energy. (IE_(2)) , is greater than that of the first ionisatio energy (IE_(1)) . similarly third ionisation energy (IE_(3)) is greater than that of second IE_(2) . Q. IE_(1) and IE_(2) of Mg metal are 178 and 348 kcal/mol respectively. the energy required for the given reaction is: Mg(s) to Mg^(+2)+2e^(-)
The second ionisation energies are higher than the first ionisation energies. This is mainly due to the fact the after the removal of the first electron, the atom changes into monovalent positive ion. In the ion, the number of electrons decreases but the nuclear charge remains the same. as a result of this, the remaining electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus and it becomes difficult to remove the second electron. therefore, the value of second ionisation energy. (IE_(2)) , is greater than that of the first ionisatio energy (IE_(1)) . similarly third ionisation energy (IE_(3)) is greater than that of second IE_(2) . Q. IE_(1) and IE_(2) of Mg metal are 178 and 348 kcal/mol respectively. the energy required for the given reaction is: Mg(s) to Mg^(+2)+2e^(-)
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