To determine the number of chiral carbons in β-D(+)-glucose, we will follow these steps:
### Step 1: Understand the Structure of β-D(+)-Glucose
β-D(+)-glucose is a cyclic form of glucose, specifically the pyranose form. In this structure, the first carbon (C1) is part of the aldehyde group in the open-chain form and becomes a chiral center when it forms a ring.
### Step 2: Draw the Structure
1. Draw the six-membered ring structure of β-D-glucose.
2. Identify the positions of the hydroxyl (-OH) groups and hydrogen atoms (H) on the ring.
### Step 3: Identify Chiral Carbons
A chiral carbon is defined as a carbon atom that is attached to four different groups. In the case of β-D-glucose:
1. **C1**: Attached to -OH, -H, -CH2OH (C6), and the ring (C2).
2. **C2**: Attached to -OH, -H, -CH2OH (C6), and the ring (C3).
3. **C3**: Attached to -OH, -H, -CH2OH (C6), and the ring (C4).
4. **C4**: Attached to -OH, -H, -CH2OH (C6), and the ring (C5).
5. **C5**: Attached to -OH, -H, -CH2OH (C6), and the ring (C1).
### Step 4: Count the Chiral Carbons
After analyzing the structure, we find that:
- C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are all chiral centers because each has four different substituents.
### Conclusion
Thus, the total number of chiral carbons in β-D(+)-glucose is **5**.
### Final Answer
The number of chiral carbons in β-D(+)-glucose is **5**.
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