From the ground state electronic configuration of the elements given below, pick up the one with the highest value of second ionisation energies

Options

A. `1s^(2), 2s^(2)2p^(6), 3s^(2)`
B. `1s^(2), 2s^(2)2p^(6), 3s^(1)`
C. `1s^(2), 2s^(2)2p^(6)`
D. `1s^(2), 2s^(2)2p^(5)`

Explanation

To determine which element has the highest second ionization energy from their ground state electronic configurations, we need to analyze the stability of the unipositive cations formed after the first ionization. The second ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a positively charged ion, and it is influenced by the stability of that ion.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Second Ionization Energy**:
- The second ionization energy (IE2) is the energy required to remove an electron from a unipositive ion (M⁺). The stability of the unipositive ion affects the value of IE2; more stable ions generally have higher ionization energies.

2. **Identify the Ground State Electronic Configurations**:
- We need to look at the electronic configurations of the elements provided (let's assume they are A, B, C, and D) and their corresponding unipositive ions (M⁺).

3. **Analyze Each Element**:
- **Element A**:
- Ground state configuration: Let's assume it is something like 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹.
- Unipositive ion configuration (M⁺): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s⁰ (removing one 3s electron).
- This configuration is not stable as it can easily lose another electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.

- **Element B**:
- Ground state configuration: Assume it is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p¹.
- Unipositive ion configuration (M⁺): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p⁰.
- This configuration is stable (noble gas configuration), indicating that the second ionization energy will be high.

- **Element C**:
- Ground state configuration: Assume it is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p⁵.
- Unipositive ion configuration (M⁺): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p⁴.
- The first ionization energy is high, but the second ionization energy will not be as high since the unipositive ion is less stable compared to B.

- **Element D**:
- Ground state configuration: Assume it is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p⁴.
- Unipositive ion configuration (M⁺): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p³.
- This configuration is also not very stable, leading to lower second ionization energy.

4. **Conclusion**:
- After analyzing the stability of the unipositive ions, we find that Element B has the highest second ionization energy because its unipositive ion achieves a stable noble gas configuration.

### Final Answer:
The element with the highest value of second ionization energy is **Element B**.