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A : Somatic hybrids may be used for the...

A : Somatic hybrids may be used for the production of useful plants.
R : Genetic manipulation can be carried out more rapidly when plant cells are in protoplast state.

A

If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).

B

If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2).

C

If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3).

D

If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Somatic Hybridization**: - Somatic hybridization refers to the fusion of somatic cells (non-reproductive cells) to create a hybrid organism. This process involves the fusion of protoplasts, which are plant cells that have had their cell walls removed. 2. **Production of Useful Plants**: - The main goal of somatic hybridization is to combine desirable traits from two different plant species to produce a new plant that exhibits the best characteristics of both. For example, fusing the protoplasts of a tomato and a potato can yield a hybrid plant that has traits from both species. 3. **Role of Protoplasts in Genetic Manipulation**: - Protoplasts are essential for genetic manipulation because they lack cell walls, making it easier for scientists to introduce new genetic material. The absence of the cell wall allows for more efficient uptake of DNA or other genetic materials. 4. **Rapid Genetic Manipulation**: - Genetic manipulation can be performed more rapidly in protoplasts because the process of introducing new genes does not require the additional steps needed to penetrate the cell wall. Enzymes such as pectinase and cellulase are used to digest the cell wall, allowing for quicker access to the cell membrane. 5. **Conclusion**: - Both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are true. Somatic hybrids can indeed be used to produce useful plants, and genetic manipulation is expedited when plant cells are in a protoplast state. ### Final Statement: - Therefore, the assertion (A) is true, and the reason (R) is also true, and they are related. ---
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