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Lucas test is used to distinguish...

Lucas test is used to distinguish

A

Phenols

B

Ethers

C

Alcohols

D

Alkyl halides

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**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding the Lucas Test**: The Lucas test is a qualitative test used to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on their reactivity with Lucas reagent, which is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2). 2. **Reactivity of Alcohols**: - **Primary Alcohols (RCH2OH)**: When treated with Lucas reagent, primary alcohols do not react at room temperature, and thus no turbidity is formed. - **Secondary Alcohols (R2CHOH)**: Secondary alcohols react with Lucas reagent to form alkyl chlorides, resulting in turbidity that appears after about 5 minutes. - **Tertiary Alcohols (R3COH)**: Tertiary alcohols react rapidly with Lucas reagent, forming alkyl chlorides and producing turbidity almost immediately. 3. **Conclusion**: The Lucas test is specifically used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on the time taken for turbidity to appear after the addition of Lucas reagent. 4. **Final Answer**: The Lucas test is used to distinguish between **alcohols** (specifically primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols). ---
**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding the Lucas Test**: The Lucas test is a qualitative test used to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on their reactivity with Lucas reagent, which is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2). 2. **Reactivity of Alcohols**: - **Primary Alcohols (RCH2OH)**: When treated with Lucas reagent, primary alcohols do not react at room temperature, and thus no turbidity is formed. - **Secondary Alcohols (R2CHOH)**: Secondary alcohols react with Lucas reagent to form alkyl chlorides, resulting in turbidity that appears after about 5 minutes. - **Tertiary Alcohols (R3COH)**: Tertiary alcohols react rapidly with Lucas reagent, forming alkyl chlorides and producing turbidity almost immediately. ...
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