Which of the following statements is correct ?

Options

A. The hybridisation of Cl in `ClF_(3)` is `sp^(2)`
B. The number of lone pairs and bond pairs in `I_(3)^(-)` are 2 and 2 respectively
C. The shape of `XeF_(6)` is ditstorted square bipyramidal
D. Hybridisation of S is `sp^(3)` in `SO_(2)`

Answer

To determine which of the given statements is correct, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement A
**Statement A:** The hybridization of chlorine in ClF3 is sp2.

1. **Identify the central atom:** Chlorine (Cl) is the central atom in ClF3.
2. **Count valence electrons:** Chlorine has 7 valence electrons.
3. **Count monovalent atoms (M):** There are 3 fluorine atoms, each contributing 1 valence electron, so M = 3.
4. **Charge (C):** The compound is neutral, so C = 0.
5. **Apply the hybridization formula:**
\[ H = \frac{1}{2} (V + M - C) = \frac{1}{2} (7 + 3 - 0) = \frac{1}{2} (10) = 5 \]
This indicates sp³d hybridization.

**Conclusion for Statement A:** Incorrect (the hybridization is sp³d, not sp²).

### Step 2: Analyze Statement B
**Statement B:** The number of lone pairs and bond pairs in I3⁻ are 2 and 2 respectively.

1. **Identify the central atom:** Iodine (I) is the central atom in I3⁻.
2. **Count valence electrons:** Iodine has 7 valence electrons, and there are 2 additional iodine atoms contributing 2 electrons (1 each), plus 1 for the negative charge.
3. **Count monovalent atoms (M):** M = 2 (two iodine atoms).
4. **Charge (C):** The charge is -1, so C = -1.
5. **Apply the hybridization formula:**
\[ H = \frac{1}{2} (7 + 2 + 1) = \frac{1}{2} (10) = 5 \]
This indicates sp³d hybridization.
6. **Determine bond pairs and lone pairs:** In a trigonal bipyramidal geometry, there are 2 bond pairs and 3 lone pairs.

**Conclusion for Statement B:** Incorrect (the number of lone pairs is 3, not 2).

### Step 3: Analyze Statement C
**Statement C:** The shape of XeF6 is distorted square bipyramidal.

1. **Identify the central atom:** Xenon (Xe) is the central atom in XeF6.
2. **Count valence electrons:** Xenon has 8 valence electrons, and there are 6 fluorine atoms contributing 6 electrons.
3. **Count monovalent atoms (M):** M = 6.
4. **Charge (C):** The compound is neutral, so C = 0.
5. **Apply the hybridization formula:**
\[ H = \frac{1}{2} (8 + 6 - 0) = \frac{1}{2} (14) = 7 \]
This indicates sp³d³ hybridization.
6. **Determine geometry:** The ideal geometry for sp³d³ is pentagonal bipyramidal. However, with 6 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair, the actual shape is distorted square bipyramidal.

**Conclusion for Statement C:** Correct (the shape is indeed distorted square bipyramidal).

### Step 4: Analyze Statement D
**Statement D:** The hybridization of sulfur in SO2 is sp3.

1. **Identify the central atom:** Sulfur (S) is the central atom in SO2.
2. **Count valence electrons:** Sulfur has 6 valence electrons, and there are 2 oxygen atoms contributing 4 electrons.
3. **Count monovalent atoms (M):** M = 0 (oxygen is divalent).
4. **Charge (C):** The compound is neutral, so C = 0.
5. **Apply the hybridization formula:**
\[ H = \frac{1}{2} (6 + 0 - 0) = \frac{1}{2} (6) = 3 \]
This indicates sp² hybridization.

**Conclusion for Statement D:** Incorrect (the hybridization is sp², not sp³).

### Final Conclusion
The only correct statement is **Statement C**: The shape of XeF6 is distorted square bipyramidal.

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