In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R )
A : Both methane and tetrachloromethane are nonpolar.
R : C-Cl bond is polar bond.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1)
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements , then mark (4).

Answer

To solve the question regarding the assertion (A) and reason (R) statements, we will analyze each part step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the Assertion (A)
The assertion states: "Both methane and tetrachloromethane are nonpolar."

1. **Identify the Structures**:
- Methane (CH₄) has a tetrahedral structure.
- Tetrachloromethane (CCl₄) also has a tetrahedral structure.

2. **Determine Polarity**:
- For methane (CH₄):
- The C-H bonds are polar due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and hydrogen.
- However, because of the symmetrical tetrahedral shape, the individual bond dipoles cancel each other out, resulting in a net dipole moment of zero. Thus, methane is nonpolar.
- For tetrachloromethane (CCl₄):
- The C-Cl bonds are also polar due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and chlorine.
- Similar to methane, the symmetrical tetrahedral shape leads to the cancellation of the bond dipoles, resulting in a net dipole moment of zero. Hence, tetrachloromethane is also nonpolar.

3. **Conclusion for Assertion**:
- Both methane and tetrachloromethane are indeed nonpolar. Therefore, the assertion is **true**.

### Step 2: Analyze the Reason (R)
The reason states: "C-Cl bond is a polar bond."

1. **Identify the Bond Characteristics**:
- The C-Cl bond has a significant electronegativity difference, with chlorine being more electronegative than carbon.

2. **Determine Polarity of the Bond**:
- Due to this electronegativity difference, the C-Cl bond has a dipole moment, making it a polar bond. This statement is also **true**.

### Step 3: Evaluate the Relationship Between A and R
- Both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are true statements.
- However, the reason does not explain why both methane and tetrachloromethane are nonpolar. The reason only states that the C-Cl bond is polar, which does not directly relate to the overall polarity of CCl₄ as a molecule.

### Final Conclusion
- The assertion is true, and the reason is true, but the reason does not provide a correct explanation for the assertion. Therefore, the correct answer is option 2: "Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of A."