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Choose the correct answer. A thermodynam...

Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
i) used to determine heat changes
ii) whose value is independent of path
iii) used to determine pressure volume work
iv) whose value depends on temperature only.

Text Solution

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ii) State function does not depend upon the path followed or is independent of the path followed.
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The change in internal energy (U) can be brought about in two ways: (i) Either by allowing the heat of flow into the system or out of the system (ii) By doing work on the system or the work done by the system Using the symbol q to represent heat transferred to system and using work done by the system - w, we can represent the internal energy change of a system Delta U, as : q = Delta U + (-w) (First law of thermodynamics) If the reaction is caried out in a closed container with constant volume so that Delta V = 0 Hence, q _(1) = Delta U On the other hand, if a reaction carried out in open vessel that keeps the pressure contans and allows the volume of the system to change freely. In such case, Delta V ne 0 and - w = P. Delta V. Hence, q _(B) = Delta U + p Delta V Also q _(P) = q _(v) + Delta _(g) RT As reactions carried out at constant pressure are so common, the heat change for such preocess is given a special symbol Delta H, called the enhalpy change of the reaction . The enthalpy (H) of the system is the name given to the quantity (U+ PV). The latent heat of vaporization of liquid at 500 K and 1 atmospheric pressure is 10.0 kcal/mol. What will be. the change in internal energy of 3 mole of the liquid at the same temperature and pressure?

The change in internal energy (U) can be brought about in two ways: (i) Either by allowing the heat of flow into the system or out of the system (ii) By doing work on the system or the work done by the system Using the symbol q to represent heat transferred to system and using work done by the system - w, we can represent the internal energy change of a system Delta U, as : q = Delta U + (-w) (First law of thermodynamics) If the reaction is caried out in a closed container with constant volume so that Delta V = 0 Hence, q _(1) = Delta U On the other hand, if a reaction carried out in open vessel that keeps the pressure contans and allows the volume of the system to change freely. In such case, Delta V ne 0 and - w = P. Delta V. Hence, q _(B) = Delta U + p Delta V Also q _(P) = q _(v) + Delta_(g) RT As reactions carried out at constant pressure are so common, the heat change for such preocess is given a special symbol Delta H, called the enhalpy change of the reaction . The enthalpy (H) of the system is the name given to the quantity (U+ PV). One mole of a gas is allowed to expand freely in vacuum at 300 K. The work done during the process is :

Knowledge Check

  • Consider the following statements in respect of zero order reaction. I. The rate of the reaction is independent of reactant concentration. II. The rate of the reaction is independent of temperature. III. The rater constant of the reaction is independent of temperature. IV. The rate constant of the reaction is independent of reactant concentration. Choose the correct statement/s

    A
    I only
    B
    I and II only
    C
    III and IV only
    D
    I and IV only

  • Which of the following statement is incorrect about internal energy? a) The absolute value of internal energy cannot be determined b) The internal energy of one mole of a substance is same at any temperature or pressure c) The measurement of heat change during a reaction by bomb calorimeter is equal to the internal energy change d) Internal energy is an extensive property

    A
    The absolute value of internal energy cannot be determined
    B
    The internal energy of one mole of a substance is same at any temperature or pressure
    C
    The measurement of heat change during a reaction by bomb calorimeter is equal to the internal energy change
    D
    Internal energy is an extensive property

  • In each of the following question, an Assertion (A) is following by a corresponding Reason (R ). Use the following keys to choose the appropriate answer. Assertion : Molar volume of gases changes considerably with temperature and pressure. Reason : Molar volume of a substance is the volume occupied by 1 mole of that substance.

    A
    If both (A) and ( R ) are correct and ( R ) is the correct explanation of (A).
    B
    If both (A) and (R ) are correct, but ( R ) is not the correct explanation of (A).
    C
    If (A) is correct, but ( R) is incorrect.
    D
    If both (A) and (R ) are incorrect.

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    The change in internal energy (U) can be brought about in two ways: (i) Either by allowing the heat of flow into the system or out of the system (ii) By doing work on the system or the work done by the system Using the symbol q to represent heat transferred to system and using work done by the system - w, we can represent the internal energy change of a system Delta U, as : q = Delta U + (-w) (First law of thermodynamics) If the reaction is caried out in a closed container with constant volume so that Delta V = 0 Hence, q _(1) = Delta U On the other hand, if a reaction carried out in open vessel that keeps the pressure contans and allows the volume of the system to change freely. In such case, Delta V ne 0 and - w = P. Delta V. Hence, q _(B) = Delta U + p Delta V Also q _(P) = q _(v) + Delta _(g) RT As reactions carried out at constant pressure are so common, the heat change for such preocess is given a special symbol Delta H, called the enhalpy change of the reaction . The enthalpy (H) of the system is the name given to the quantity (U+ PV). In which of the following cases Delta H and DeltaU are not equal to each other?

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