Nitrogen , oxygen and fluorine are the highly electronegative elements. When they are tied to a hydrogen atom to form covalent bond, the electrons of the covalent bond are shifted towards the more electronegative atom.This partially positively charged hydrogen atom forms a bond with the other electronegative atom. This bond is called as hydrogen bond and is weaker than covalent bond.For example, in HF molecule, the hydrogen bond exists between hydrogen atom of one molecule and fluorine atom of another molecule as depicted
`---H^(delta+)-F^(delta-)---H^(delta+)-F^(delta-)---H^(delta+)-F^(delta-)`
Here, hydrogen bond acts as bridge between atoms which holds one atom by covalent bond and the other by hydrogen bond.Hydrogen bond is represented by a dotted line (---) while a solid line represents the covalent bond. Thus, hydrogen bond can be defined as the attractive force which binds hydrogen atom of one molecule with the electronegative atom (F,O and N) of another molecule.
What would be correct about bonding in chloral hydrate `C Cl_3CH(OH)_2`?

Options

A. Only intra molecular H-bonding
B. Only inter molecular H-bonding
C. Both inter and intra molecular H-bonding
D. No hydrogen bonding

Explanation

To determine the type of bonding in chloral hydrate (CCl₃CHOH), we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Structure of Chloral Hydrate
Chloral hydrate has the molecular formula CCl₃CHOH. It consists of a carbon atom (C) bonded to three chlorine atoms (Cl) and one hydroxyl group (OH).

### Step 2: Draw the Molecular Structure
The molecular structure can be represented as follows:
```
Cl
|
Cl - C - OH
|
Cl
```
In this structure, the central carbon atom is bonded to three chlorine atoms and one hydroxyl group (OH).

### Step 3: Identify Electronegativity
In chloral hydrate, the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group (OH) is more electronegative than hydrogen. This means that in the O-H bond, the electrons are pulled closer to the oxygen atom, giving it a partial negative charge (δ-) and leaving the hydrogen with a partial positive charge (δ+).

### Step 4: Recognize Hydrogen Bonding
Due to the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group, it can interact with lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom of another chloral hydrate molecule. This interaction leads to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the molecules.

### Step 5: Determine the Type of Bonding
The bonding that occurs between the hydrogen atom of one chloral hydrate molecule and the electronegative oxygen atom of another chloral hydrate molecule is known as intermolecular hydrogen bonding. This is because the bond forms between different molecules rather than within a single molecule.

### Conclusion
In chloral hydrate (CCl₃CHOH), intermolecular hydrogen bonding is present due to the attraction between the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group and the lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom of another molecule.