Which of the following show non-zero multiple oxidation state?

Options

A. `S`
B. `O`
C. `Zn`
D. `H`

Explanation

To determine which of the following elements show non-zero multiple oxidation states, we will analyze each option provided: sulfur, oxygen, zinc, and hydrogen.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Elements and Their Atomic Numbers:**
- Sulfur (S) - Atomic number 16
- Oxygen (O) - Atomic number 8
- Zinc (Zn) - Atomic number 30
- Hydrogen (H) - Atomic number 1

2. **Analyze Sulfur:**
- **Electronic Configuration:** Sulfur has the configuration of Ne 3s² 3p⁴.
- **Common Oxidation States:**
- It typically shows an oxidation state of -2 (when it gains 2 electrons).
- It can also show positive oxidation states by losing electrons:
- +2 (by losing 2 electrons from 3s)
- +4 (by losing 2 electrons from 3s and 2 from 3p)
- +6 (by losing all 6 valence electrons).
- **Conclusion:** Sulfur exhibits multiple non-zero oxidation states: +2, +4, +6.

3. **Analyze Oxygen:**
- **Electronic Configuration:** Oxygen has the configuration of He 2s² 2p⁴.
- **Common Oxidation States:**
- It typically shows an oxidation state of -2.
- In peroxides (like H₂O₂), it can show -1.
- In compounds like OF₂, it can exhibit +2.
- In other compounds, it can show +1.
- **Conclusion:** Oxygen exhibits multiple non-zero oxidation states: -1, +1, +2.

4. **Analyze Zinc:**
- **Electronic Configuration:** Zinc has the configuration of Ar 4s² 3d¹⁰.
- **Common Oxidation States:**
- Zinc primarily exhibits a +2 oxidation state by losing its two 4s electrons.
- It does not exhibit multiple oxidation states.
- **Conclusion:** Zinc does not show non-zero multiple oxidation states.

5. **Analyze Hydrogen:**
- **Common Oxidation States:**
- Hydrogen can exhibit a +1 oxidation state when bonded to electronegative elements.
- It can also exhibit a -1 oxidation state when bonded to metals (like in metal hydrides).
- **Conclusion:** Hydrogen exhibits multiple non-zero oxidation states: +1, -1.

### Final Conclusion:
The elements that show non-zero multiple oxidation states are:
- Sulfur (S)
- Oxygen (O)
- Hydrogen (H)

**Answer:** Sulfur, Oxygen, and Hydrogen show non-zero multiple oxidation states.