Which of the following statements is/are false

Options

A. it is the isotropic nature of amorphous solids that all the bonds are of equal strength
B. Entropy of a crystalline solid is higher than that of an amorphous solid
C. Amorphous solids have definite volume but not definite shape
D. Amorphous solids can become crystalline on slow heating (annealing)

Answer

To determine which statements are false regarding amorphous and crystalline solids, let's analyze each statement step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the first statement
**Statement:** "It is the isotropic nature of amorphous solids that all bonds are of equal strength."

- **Analysis:**
- Amorphous solids are indeed isotropic, meaning their physical properties are the same in all directions.
- However, the statement incorrectly implies that isotropy means all bonds are of equal strength. Isotropic nature does not guarantee equal bond strength; it simply means uniformity in properties.
- Therefore, this statement is **false**.

### Step 2: Analyze the second statement
**Statement:** "Entropy of crystalline solid is higher than that of an amorphous solid."

- **Analysis:**
- Crystalline solids have a well-defined, ordered structure, which means they have lower entropy compared to amorphous solids, which have a more disordered arrangement.
- Hence, the entropy of crystalline solids is **not** higher; it is actually lower than that of amorphous solids.
- Therefore, this statement is **false**.

### Step 3: Analyze the third statement
**Statement:** "Amorphous solids have definite volume but not definite shape."

- **Analysis:**
- Amorphous solids do have a definite volume and a definite shape, similar to crystalline solids. The key difference lies in their internal structure (long-range order vs. short-range order).
- Thus, this statement is also **false**.

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth statement
**Statement:** "Amorphous solids can become crystalline on slow heating which is known as annealing."

- **Analysis:**
- This statement is true. Amorphous solids can transition to a crystalline state upon slow heating, a process known as annealing.
- Therefore, this statement is **true**.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- The false statements are:
1. "It is the isotropic nature of amorphous solids that all bonds are of equal strength."
2. "Entropy of crystalline solid is higher than that of an amorphous solid."
3. "Amorphous solids have definite volume but not definite shape."

Thus, the correct answer is that statements 1, 2, and 3 are false.

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