Which of the following is having zero dipole moment ?

Options

A. `C Cl_(4)`
B. `CH_(3)Cl`
C. `CH_(3)F`
D. `CHCl_(3)`

Answer

To determine which of the given compounds has a zero dipole moment, we will analyze the molecular geometry and the symmetry of each compound. A molecule has a zero dipole moment if the individual bond dipoles cancel each other out due to symmetry.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Compounds:**
Let's consider the options provided:
- A) CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)
- B) C₂H₅Cl (Ethyl Chloride)
- C) CHCl₃ (Chloroform)
- D) CH₃F (Fluoromethane)

2. **Analyze CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride):**
- The molecular structure of CCl₄ consists of one carbon atom bonded to four chlorine atoms.
- The geometry is tetrahedral.
- Each C-Cl bond has a dipole moment pointing towards the chlorine atom.
- Due to the tetrahedral symmetry, the dipole moments cancel each other out.
- **Conclusion:** CCl₄ has a zero dipole moment.

3. **Analyze C₂H₅Cl (Ethyl Chloride):**
- The structure has a carbon chain with a chlorine atom attached.
- The molecule is not symmetrical, and the dipole moments do not cancel out.
- **Conclusion:** C₂H₅Cl has a non-zero dipole moment.

4. **Analyze CHCl₃ (Chloroform):**
- Chloroform has one hydrogen and three chlorine atoms attached to a carbon atom.
- The molecule is not symmetrical, and the dipole moments from the C-Cl bonds do not cancel out.
- **Conclusion:** CHCl₃ has a non-zero dipole moment.

5. **Analyze CH₃F (Fluoromethane):**
- Fluoromethane has three hydrogen atoms and one fluorine atom bonded to a carbon atom.
- The molecule is also not symmetrical, and the dipole moments do not cancel out.
- **Conclusion:** CH₃F has a non-zero dipole moment.

### Final Answer:
The compound that has a zero dipole moment is **A) CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)**.