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Predict the nature of the M-effect when ...

Predict the nature of the `M-`effect when 'Cl' and `'NO_(2)'` groups are attached to the benzene ring. Write the different resonating structures.

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To predict the nature of the M-effect (mesomeric effect) when Cl (chlorine) and NO2 (nitro) groups are attached to the benzene ring, we need to analyze each substituent's effect on the benzene ring and draw the corresponding resonating structures. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Groups and Their Effects**: - Chlorine (Cl) is a halogen and has a lone pair of electrons. It exhibits a **+M effect** (electron-donating) due to resonance. - Nitro group (NO2) is an electron-withdrawing group and exhibits a **-M effect** (electron-withdrawing) due to resonance. ...
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