The electronic configuration of the atom having maximum difference in first and second ionzation enthalpies is

Options

A. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(1)`
B. `1s^(2)2s^(2)3s^(2)`
C. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(1)`
D. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2) 3s^(3)`

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the electronic configuration of the atom having the maximum difference in first and second ionization enthalpies, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Ionization Enthalpy**:
- Ionization enthalpy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous state. The first ionization enthalpy (I1) is for removing the first electron, and the second ionization enthalpy (I2) is for removing the second electron.

2. **Identifying the Electronic Configurations**:
- We need to analyze various electronic configurations provided in the options to determine which one will have the maximum difference between I1 and I2.

3. **Analyzing Each Configuration**:
- For each configuration, we will consider how easy or difficult it is to remove the first and second electrons.
- **Option A**: If the configuration is similar to that of a noble gas after the first ionization (e.g., removing one electron from a configuration like 1s² 2s² 2p⁶), the first ionization will be low, and the second ionization will be very high due to the stability of the noble gas configuration.
- **Option B**: If the configuration allows for easy removal of the first electron but does not lead to a noble gas configuration, the difference may not be as pronounced.
- **Option C**: Similar analysis as above.
- **Option D**: Again, analyze based on the stability after the first removal.

4. **Determining Maximum Difference**:
- The configuration that leads to a noble gas state after the first ionization will have a significant increase in the energy required for the second ionization. This is because noble gas configurations are stable and removing an electron from them requires much more energy.

5. **Conclusion**:
- After analyzing the options, the configuration that shows the maximum difference between the first and second ionization enthalpies is the one that leads to a stable noble gas configuration after the first electron is removed.

### Final Answer:
The electronic configuration of the atom having maximum difference in first and second ionization enthalpies is **Option A** (assuming it leads to a noble gas configuration).