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Energy released by oxidation in respirat...

Energy released by oxidation in respiration is not used directly but is used to synthesize ATP.

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**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding Respiration**: Respiration is a biochemical process that converts glucose and other substrates into energy. It involves several stages, including glycolysis, the link reaction, the Krebs cycle (TCA cycle), and the electron transport chain. 2. **Glycolysis**: The first step of respiration is glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and produces a small amount of ATP and NADH. 3. **Link Reaction**: After glycolysis, the pyruvate enters the mitochondria, where it undergoes the link reaction. Here, pyruvate is converted into acetyl CoA, which is then fed into the Krebs cycle. 4. **Krebs Cycle (TCA Cycle)**: In the Krebs cycle, acetyl CoA is further oxidized, resulting in the production of NADH, FADH2, and a small amount of ATP. This cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. 5. **Electron Transport Chain (ETC)**: The NADH and FADH2 produced in previous steps are then used in the electron transport chain, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Here, the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through a series of proteins, leading to the production of a large amount of ATP. 6. **Energy Storage in ATP**: The energy released during the oxidation of substrates is not used directly by the cell. Instead, it is captured in the form of ATP. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a high-energy molecule that serves as a primary energy carrier in cells. 7. **Hydrolysis of ATP**: When energy is needed for cellular processes, ATP undergoes hydrolysis, breaking down into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, releasing energy that can be used for various cellular functions. 8. **Conclusion**: The statement that the energy released by oxidation in respiration is not used directly but is used to synthesize ATP is correct. The energy is transformed into ATP, which is the usable form of energy for cellular activities. ---
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Knowledge Check

  • Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as : Assertion : Respiration is the process of oxidation of food to release energy. Reason : Carbon dioxide produced during respiration is utilised in photo-synthesis.

    A
    If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
    B
    If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
    C
    If assertion is true but reason is false.
    D
    If both assertion and reason are false.
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