Maximum number of identical bond length are present in

Options

A. `SF_(6)`
B. `IF_(7)`
C. `PCl_(5)`
D. `SO_(4)^(-2)`

Answer

To determine the maximum number of identical bond lengths present in the given structures, we will analyze each compound step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze SF6 (Sulfur Hexafluoride)
1. **Structure**: SF6 has a central sulfur atom surrounded by six fluorine atoms.
2. **Hybridization**: The hybridization of sulfur in SF6 is sp³d².
3. **Geometry**: The molecular geometry is octahedral.
4. **Bond Lengths**: In an octahedral geometry, all bond lengths are identical due to the symmetrical arrangement of the surrounding atoms.
5. **Identical Bonds**: Therefore, SF6 has **6 identical bond lengths**.

### Step 2: Analyze IF7 (Iodine Heptafluoride)
1. **Structure**: IF7 has a central iodine atom surrounded by seven fluorine atoms.
2. **Hybridization**: The hybridization of iodine in IF7 is sp³d³.
3. **Geometry**: The molecular geometry is pentagonal bipyramidal.
4. **Bond Lengths**: In this geometry, there are two types of bonds: 5 equatorial bonds and 2 axial bonds. The equatorial bonds are identical, but the axial bonds differ in size.
5. **Identical Bonds**: Therefore, IF7 has **5 identical bond lengths**.

### Step 3: Analyze PCl5 (Phosphorus Pentachloride)
1. **Structure**: PCl5 has a central phosphorus atom surrounded by five chlorine atoms.
2. **Hybridization**: The hybridization of phosphorus in PCl5 is sp³d.
3. **Geometry**: The molecular geometry is trigonal bipyramidal.
4. **Bond Lengths**: In this geometry, there are 3 equatorial bonds and 2 axial bonds. The equatorial bonds are identical, while the axial bonds are larger.
5. **Identical Bonds**: Therefore, PCl5 has **3 identical bond lengths**.

### Step 4: Analyze SO4²⁻ (Sulfate Ion)
1. **Structure**: SO4²⁻ has a central sulfur atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms.
2. **Hybridization**: The hybridization of sulfur in SO4²⁻ is sp³.
3. **Geometry**: The molecular geometry is tetrahedral.
4. **Bond Lengths**: In the sulfate ion, there are two double bonds and two single bonds. The double bonds are not identical to the single bonds.
5. **Identical Bonds**: Therefore, SO4²⁻ has **2 identical bond lengths** (the two single bonds).

### Conclusion
After analyzing all structures, we find:
- SF6 has 6 identical bond lengths.
- IF7 has 5 identical bond lengths.
- PCl5 has 3 identical bond lengths.
- SO4²⁻ has 2 identical bond lengths.

Thus, the maximum number of identical bond lengths is found in **SF6**, which has **6 identical bond lengths**.

### Final Answer
**The maximum number of identical bond lengths is present in SF6 (6 identical bonds).**

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