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Describe orbital picture of benzene....

Describe orbital picture of benzene.

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Orbital structure of benzene: In orbital structure of benzene, all carbon atoms are `sp^2` hybridised and one orbital remains unhybridised. Out of three hybrid orbitals, two overlap with the orbitals of neighbouring carbon atoms and third with half filled orbital of hydrogen atom. Unhybridised 2p orbital overlap side-wise with the similar orbital of the adjacent carbon atom on either sides. The resultant `pi` electron cloud is delocalised all over the carbon atoms. This delocalisation of electron cloud in benzene makes it more stable.
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Knowledge Check

  • Presence of nitro group in the benzene ring.

    A
    Renders the benzene ring
    B
    Deactivate the ring towards nucleophilic substitution
    C
    Deactivate the ring towards electrophilic substitution
    D
    Activate the ring towards electrophilic substitution
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