Write the electron dot structure of `NH_(3)andPCl_(5)`.

Answer

To draw the electron dot structures for NH₃ (ammonia) and PCl₅ (phosphorus pentachloride), we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Determine the Valence Electrons
- **NH₃ (Ammonia)**:
- Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons.
- Each Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron. Since there are 3 Hydrogens, that gives us 3 valence electrons from Hydrogen.
- Total valence electrons for NH₃ = 5 (from N) + 3 (from 3 H) = 8 valence electrons.

- **PCl₅ (Phosphorus Pentachloride)**:
- Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons.
- Each Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons. Since there are 5 Chlorines, that gives us 35 valence electrons from Chlorine.
- Total valence electrons for PCl₅ = 5 (from P) + 35 (from 5 Cl) = 40 valence electrons.

### Step 2: Draw the Electron Dot Structure for NH₃
1. Place nitrogen in the center and surround it with three hydrogen atoms.
2. Connect each hydrogen atom to nitrogen with a single bond (each bond represents 2 electrons).
3. Nitrogen will share its 5 valence electrons with 3 hydrogen atoms, forming 3 bonds (6 electrons), and it will have 1 lone pair (2 electrons) remaining.
4. The resulting structure will show nitrogen with 8 electrons (6 from bonds and 2 from the lone pair) and each hydrogen with 2 electrons (from the bond).

**Electron Dot Structure for NH₃**:
```
H
|
H--N--H
..
```

### Step 3: Draw the Electron Dot Structure for PCl₅
1. Place phosphorus in the center and surround it with five chlorine atoms.
2. Connect each chlorine atom to phosphorus with a single bond (each bond represents 2 electrons).
3. Phosphorus will share its 5 valence electrons with 5 chlorine atoms, forming 5 bonds (10 electrons).
4. Each chlorine atom will have 3 lone pairs (6 electrons) remaining, completing their octet.

**Electron Dot Structure for PCl₅**:
```
Cl
|
Cl -- P -- Cl
|
Cl
|
Cl
```
Each Cl has three pairs of dots around it to represent the lone pairs.

### Summary of Electron Dot Structures
- **NH₃**: Nitrogen is bonded to three hydrogens with one lone pair.
- **PCl₅**: Phosphorus is bonded to five chlorines, each with three lone pairs.