Which of the following are not ionic compounds?
(i) KCl (ii) HCl
(iii) `C Cl_(4)` (iv) NaCl

Options

A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iii)

Explanation

To determine which of the given compounds are not ionic, we need to analyze each compound based on the nature of bonding involved. Ionic compounds are formed through the transfer of electrons from metals to non-metals, resulting in the formation of cations and anions. Let's evaluate each compound step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze KCl
- **KCl (Potassium Chloride)**:
- Potassium (K) is a metal with one electron in its outermost shell (valency = 1).
- Chlorine (Cl) is a non-metal with seven electrons in its outermost shell (needs one more to complete its octet).
- Potassium donates its one electron to chlorine, forming K⁺ (cation) and Cl⁻ (anion).
- **Conclusion**: KCl is an ionic compound.

### Step 2: Analyze HCl
- **HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)**:
- Hydrogen (H) has one electron and needs one more to complete its outer shell.
- Chlorine (Cl) has seven electrons and also needs one more to complete its octet.
- Instead of transferring electrons, H and Cl share one electron to complete their octets.
- **Conclusion**: HCl is a covalent compound, not ionic.

### Step 3: Analyze CCl₄
- **CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)**:
- Carbon (C) has four electrons in its outermost shell and needs four more to complete its octet.
- Each chlorine (Cl) has seven electrons and needs one more.
- Carbon shares its four electrons with four chlorine atoms, forming covalent bonds.
- **Conclusion**: CCl₄ is a covalent compound, not ionic.

### Step 4: Analyze NaCl
- **NaCl (Sodium Chloride)**:
- Sodium (Na) is a metal with one electron in its outermost shell (valency = 1).
- Chlorine (Cl) is a non-metal with seven electrons in its outermost shell (needs one more).
- Sodium donates its one electron to chlorine, forming Na⁺ (cation) and Cl⁻ (anion).
- **Conclusion**: NaCl is an ionic compound.

### Final Conclusion
From the analysis:
- **Ionic Compounds**: KCl and NaCl
- **Not Ionic Compounds (Covalent)**: HCl and CCl₄

Thus, the compounds that are not ionic are **HCl and CCl₄**.

### Answer:
The compounds that are not ionic are (ii) HCl and (iii) CCl₄.

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