Select the incorrect statement

Options

A. Double bond is shorter than a single bond
B. sigma bond is weaker than a `pi` bond
C. double bond is stronger than a hydrogen bond
D. covalent bond is stroger than a hydrogen bond

Answer

To determine the incorrect statement from the given options, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step 1: Analyze the first statement
**Statement:** Double bond is stronger than single bond.
**Analysis:** This statement is true. A double bond involves the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms, while a single bond involves only one pair. Therefore, more energy is required to break a double bond than a single bond.
**Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze the second statement
**Statement:** Sigma bond is weaker than pi bond.
**Analysis:** This statement is false. A sigma bond is formed by the head-on overlapping of atomic orbitals, which results in a strong bond due to maximum electron density between the nuclei of the bonding atoms. In contrast, a pi bond is formed by the sidewise overlapping of p orbitals, which is generally weaker than a sigma bond. Thus, sigma bonds are stronger than pi bonds.
**Conclusion:** This statement is incorrect.

### Step 3: Analyze the third statement
**Statement:** Double bond is stronger than hydrogen bond.
**Analysis:** This statement is true. A double bond is a type of covalent bond, which is generally much stronger than a hydrogen bond. Hydrogen bonds are relatively weak interactions compared to covalent bonds.
**Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth statement
**Statement:** Covalent bond is stronger than hydrogen bond.
**Analysis:** This statement is also true. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms and are significantly stronger than hydrogen bonds, which are weak attractions between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
**Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

### Final Conclusion
The only incorrect statement among the options provided is the second statement: "Sigma bond is weaker than pi bond." Therefore, the answer is option two.

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