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H(2) O (I) hArr H(2) O(g) " "II) I(2)...

`H_(2) O (I) hArr H_(2) O(g) " "II) I_(2)(s) hArr I_(2)` (vap) `" "` III) `H_(2) O(l) hArr H_(2) O `(s) `" IV)" CO_(2) (g) hArr CO_(2)` (aq) Rise of T shifts equilibrium towards right in the case of

A

I & IV

B

II, III & IV

C

I & II

D

I, II & III

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem of determining which equilibria shift to the right with an increase in temperature, we need to analyze each given equilibrium reaction based on whether they are endothermic or exothermic. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Equilibria**: - **I)** \( H_2O (l) \rightleftharpoons H_2O (g) \) - **II)** \( I_2 (s) \rightleftharpoons I_2 (g) \) - **III)** \( H_2O (l) \rightleftharpoons H_2O (s) \) - **IV)** \( CO_2 (g) \rightleftharpoons CO_2 (aq) \) 2. **Analyze Each Reaction**: - **Equilibrium I**: The conversion of liquid water to water vapor is an endothermic process (absorbs heat). Therefore, an increase in temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right (towards the formation of water vapor). - **Equilibrium II**: The conversion of solid iodine to iodine vapor is also an endothermic process. Thus, an increase in temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right (towards the formation of iodine vapor). - **Equilibrium III**: The conversion of liquid water to solid ice is an exothermic process (releases heat). An increase in temperature will shift the equilibrium to the left (towards the formation of liquid water). - **Equilibrium IV**: The dissolution of carbon dioxide gas in water to form aqueous carbon dioxide is an exothermic process. An increase in temperature will shift the equilibrium to the left (favoring the formation of gaseous carbon dioxide). 3. **Conclusion**: - From the analysis, we see that Equilibria I and II shift to the right with an increase in temperature, while Equilibria III and IV shift to the left. Therefore, the correct answer is that the rise in temperature shifts the equilibrium towards the right in the case of **I and II**. ### Final Answer: The rise of temperature shifts equilibrium towards the right in the case of **I and II**.
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