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Small populations are prone to change in...

Small populations are prone to change in allelic frequencies which decrease genetic variability, this is explained by:

A

Sewall-Wright effect

B

Genetic load

C

Genetic flow

D

Mutation

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Question**: The question states that small populations are prone to changes in allelic frequencies that decrease genetic variability. We need to identify the concept that explains this phenomenon. 2. **Analyzing the Options**: - **Genetic Load**: This refers to the presence of unfavorable genetic materials in a population. It does not specifically relate to small populations and their changes in allelic frequencies. Therefore, this option is incorrect. - **Gene Flow**: This is the transfer of genetic material between populations. High gene flow can equalize allele frequencies between populations, making them more genetically similar rather than decreasing variability. Hence, this option is also incorrect. - **Mutation**: While mutations introduce new alleles into a population, they do not specifically explain the changes in allelic frequencies in small populations. Thus, this option is not correct. 3. **Identifying the Correct Concept**: - **C. Wright Effect (Genetic Drift)**: This concept refers to the changes in allele frequencies that occur in small populations due to random sampling effects. In small populations, chance events can lead to the loss of genetic traits, thereby decreasing genetic variability. This effect is particularly pronounced in isolated populations where the gene pool is limited. 4. **Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question is the **C. Wright Effect**, which is a form of genetic drift that explains how small populations can experience significant changes in allelic frequencies, leading to decreased genetic variability.
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Knowledge Check

  • Assertion: Variations are important for the process of evolution. Reason: Meiosis increases the genetic variability in the population of organisms from one generation ot the next.

    A
    If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explantion of assertion
    B
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    C
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    D
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  • Fill up the balnks in the following paragraph by selecting the correct option. When migration of a section of population to another place and population occurs, I change in the original as well as in the new population new genes/ alleles are added to the ii, population and these are lost from the population. These would be a iv if this gene migration, happens multiple times. if the same change occurs by chance, it is called v. sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a diffrent species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called vi

    A
    `{:("(i)","(ii)","(iii)","(iv)","(v)","(vi)"),("natural","new","old","gene flow","gene","founder effect"):}`
    B
    `{:("(i)","(ii)","(iii)","(iv)","(v)","(vi)"),("gene frequencies","old","new","natural selection","gene flow","bottle neck"):}`
    C
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    D
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