Hydrolysis of an ester in presence of NaOH is called saponification. Explain. 

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Saponification**: Saponification is a chemical reaction that involves the hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of a strong base, typically sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This process leads to the formation of soap, which is the sodium salt of a fatty acid.

2. **Ester Hydrolysis**: An ester is a compound formed from the reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. During hydrolysis, the ester reacts with water, breaking down into its constituent alcohol and carboxylic acid. However, when sodium hydroxide is present, the reaction proceeds differently.

3. **Reaction with Sodium Hydroxide**: When an ester undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of NaOH, the sodium hydroxide reacts with the carboxylic acid produced from the hydrolysis. Instead of forming the free carboxylic acid, the sodium hydroxide neutralizes it to form the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid.

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